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Flask框架利用Echarts實(shí)現(xiàn)繪制圖形

 更新時(shí)間：2022年10月08日 14:21:29   作者：lyshark  
echarts是百度推出的一款開(kāi)源的基于JavaScript的可視化圖表庫(kù)，該開(kāi)發(fā)庫(kù)目前發(fā)展非常不錯(cuò)，且支持各類圖形的繪制可定制程度高。如下演示案例中，將分別展示運(yùn)用該繪圖庫(kù)如何前后端交互繪制（餅狀圖，柱狀圖，折線圖）這三種最基本的圖形，需要的可以參考一下

echarts是百度推出的一款開(kāi)源的基于JavaScript的可視化圖表庫(kù)，該開(kāi)發(fā)庫(kù)目前發(fā)展非常不錯(cuò)，且支持各類圖形的繪制可定制程度高，Echarts繪圖庫(kù)同樣可以與Flask結(jié)合，前臺(tái)使用echart繪圖庫(kù)進(jìn)行圖形的生成與展示，后臺(tái)則是Flask通過(guò)render_template方法返回一串JSON數(shù)據(jù)集，前臺(tái)收到后將其應(yīng)用到繪圖庫(kù)上，實(shí)現(xiàn)動(dòng)態(tài)展示W(wǎng)eb服務(wù)日志狀態(tài)功能。

如下演示案例中，將分別展示運(yùn)用該繪圖庫(kù)如何前后端交互繪制（餅狀圖，柱狀圖，折線圖）這三種最基本的圖形。

實(shí)現(xiàn)繪制餅狀圖

用于模擬統(tǒng)計(jì)Web容器的日志數(shù)據(jù)，通過(guò)餅狀圖將訪問(wèn)狀態(tài)統(tǒng)計(jì)出來(lái)。

前端部分/templates/index.html代碼如下:

<html>
	<head>
		<meta charset="UTF-8">
		<title>LyShark</title>
		<script src="https://cdn.lyshark.com/javascript/jquery/3.5.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
		<script src="https://cdn.lyshark.com/javascript/echarts/5.0.0/echarts.min.js"></script>
	</head>

	<body>
		<div class="panel panel-primary" style="width: 40%;height: 30%; float: left">
		<div class="panel-heading">
			<h3 class="panel-title">LyShark 網(wǎng)站訪問(wèn)狀態(tài)統(tǒng)計(jì)</h3>
		</div>
		<div class="panel-body">
			<div id="main" style="width:100%; height: 300px"></div>
		</div>
		</div>
	</body>

	<script type="text/javascript" charset="UTF-8">
		var kv = new Array();
		kv = {{ data | safe }}
		var test = new Array();
		for(var logkey in kv){
			test.push( {value:kv[logkey], name:logkey} )
		}
		var display = function(){
			var main = echarts.init(document.getElementById("main"));
			var option = {
				legend: {
					orient: 'vertical',
					left: 'left',
				},
				series: [
					{
						type: 'pie',
						radius: '70%',
						center: ['50%', '50%'],
						detail: {formatter:'{value}'},
						data: test
					}
				]
			};
			main.setOption(option,true);
		};
		display();
	</script>
</html>

后端代碼如下通過(guò)模擬render_template返回一些數(shù)據(jù)。

from flask import Flask,render_template,request
import json

app = Flask(import_name=__name__,
            static_url_path='/python',   # 配置靜態(tài)文件的訪問(wèn)url前綴
            static_folder='static',      # 配置靜態(tài)文件的文件夾
            template_folder='templates') # 配置模板文件的文件夾

def Count_Flag_And_Flow(file):
    list = []
    flag = {}
    with open(file) as f:
        contexts = f.readlines()
    for line in contexts:
        it = line.split()[8]
        list.append(it)
    list_num = set(list)
    for item in list_num:
        num = list.count(item)
        flag[item] = num
    return flag

@app.route('/', methods=["GET"])
def index():
    Address = {'226': 4, '404': 12, '200': 159, '400': 25, '102': 117, '302': 1625}
    # Address = Count_Flag_And_Flow("d://access_log")
    return render_template("index.html",data = json.dumps(Address))

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(host="127.0.0.1", port=80, debug=False)

運(yùn)行后訪問(wèn)自定義域名，輸出如下效果的餅狀圖:

實(shí)現(xiàn)繪制柱狀圖

統(tǒng)計(jì)訪問(wèn)了本站的所有ID地址并將地址數(shù)大于2的全部顯示出來(lái).

前端index.html代碼如下

<html>
	<head>
		<meta charset="UTF-8">
		<title>LyShark</title>
		<script src="https://cdn.lyshark.com/javascript/jquery/3.5.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
		<script src="https://cdn.lyshark.com/javascript/echarts/5.0.0/echarts.min.js"></script>
	</head>

	<body>
		<div class="panel panel-primary" style="width: 58%;height: 30%; float: left">
			<div class="panel-heading">
				<h3 class="panel-title">LyShark 網(wǎng)站設(shè)備類型統(tǒng)計(jì)</h3>
			</div>
			<div class="panel-body">
				<div id="main1" style="width:100%; height: 300px"></div>
			</div>
		</div>
	</body>

	<script type="text/javascript" charset="UTF-8">
			var kv = new Array();
			var keys = new Array();
			var values = new Array();
			kv = {{ data | safe }}

			for(var logkey in kv){
				keys.push(logkey);
				values.push(kv[logkey]);
			}
			var display = function() {
				var main1 = echarts.init(document.getElementById("main1"));
				var option = {
					xAxis: {
						type: 'category',
						data: keys
					},
					yAxis: {
						type: 'value'
					},
					series: [{
						data: values,
						type: 'bar'
					}]
				};
				main1.setOption(option,true);
			};
		display();
	</script>
</html>

后端代碼如下,路由曾則只保留一個(gè)index映射

from flask import Flask,render_template,request
import json

app = Flask(import_name=__name__,
            static_url_path='/python',   # 配置靜態(tài)文件的訪問(wèn)url前綴
            static_folder='static',      # 配置靜態(tài)文件的文件夾
            template_folder='templates') # 配置模板文件的文件夾

def Count_Flag_And_Type(file):
    list = []
    flag = {}
    with open(file) as f:
        contexts = f.readlines()
    for line in contexts:
        addr = line.split()[0].replace("(","").replace(")","")
        if addr != "::1":
            list.append(addr)

    # 去重并將其轉(zhuǎn)為字典
    list_num = set(list)
    for item in list_num:
        num = list.count(item)
        # 如果地址只有一次則忽略
        if num > 1:
            flag[item] = num
    return flag

@app.route('/', methods=["GET"])
def index():
    Types = {'Linux': 23, 'studies': 57, 'Windows': 87, 'compatible': 44, 'web': 32, 'X11': 78}
    # Types = Count_Flag_And_Type("d://access_log")
    return render_template("index.html",data = json.dumps(Types))

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(host="127.0.0.1", port=80, debug=False)

柱狀圖繪制效果如下：

實(shí)現(xiàn)繪制折線圖

統(tǒng)計(jì)指定的時(shí)間段內(nèi)的訪問(wèn)流量數(shù)據(jù).

前端index.html代碼如下

<html>
	<head>
		<meta charset="UTF-8">
		<title>LyShark</title>
		<script src="https://cdn.lyshark.com/javascript/jquery/3.5.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
		<script src="https://cdn.lyshark.com/javascript/echarts/5.0.0/echarts.min.js"></script>
	</head>

	<body>
		<div class="panel panel-primary" style="width: 100%;height: 30%; float: left">
			<div class="panel-heading">
				<h3 class="panel-title">LyShark 網(wǎng)站流量統(tǒng)計(jì)</h3>
			</div>
			<div class="panel-body">
				<div id="main" style="width:100%; height: 400px"></div>
			</div>
		</div>
	</body>

	<script type="text/javascript" charset="UTF-8">
			var kv = new Array();
			var keys = new Array();
			var values = new Array();
			kv = {{ data | safe }};
			for(var logkey in kv){
				keys.push(logkey);
				values.push(kv[logkey]);
			}

			var display = function() {
				var main = echarts.init(document.getElementById("main"));
				var option = {
					xAxis: {
						type: 'category',
						boundaryGap: false,
						data: keys
					},
					yAxis: {
						type: 'value'
					},
					series: [{
						data: values,
						type: 'line',
						areaStyle: {},
					}]
				};
				main.setOption(option,true);
			};
		display();
	</script>
</html>

后端代碼如下,路由曾則只保留一個(gè)index映射

from flask import Flask,render_template,request
import json

app = Flask(import_name=__name__,
            static_url_path='/python',   # 配置靜態(tài)文件的訪問(wèn)url前綴
            static_folder='static',      # 配置靜態(tài)文件的文件夾
            template_folder='templates') # 配置模板文件的文件夾

def Count_Time_And_Flow(file):
    times = {}  # key 保存當(dāng)前時(shí)間信息
    flow = {}   # value 當(dāng)前時(shí)間流量總和
    Count= 0    # 針對(duì)IP地址的計(jì)數(shù)器
    with open(file) as f:
        contexts = f.readlines()
    for line in contexts:
        if line.split()[9] != "-" and line.split()[9] != '"-"':
            size = line.split()[9]
        temp = line.split()[3]
        ip_attr = temp.split(":")[1] + ":" + temp.split(":")[2]
        Count = int(size) + Count
        if ip_attr in times.keys():
            flow[ip_attr] = flow[ip_attr] + int(size)
        else:
            times[ip_attr] = 1
            flow[ip_attr] = int(size)
    return flow

@app.route('/', methods=["GET"])
def index():
    OutFlow = {'03:30': 12, '03:48': 25, '04:15': 47, '04:28': 89, '04:42': 66, '04:51': 54}
    # OutFlow = Count_Time_And_Flow("d://access_log")
    return render_template("index.html",data = json.dumps(OutFlow))

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(host="127.0.0.1", port=80, debug=False)

折現(xiàn)圖繪制效果如下：

如上是三種常用圖形的繪制方式，其他圖形同理可以參考如上方代碼中的寫法，我們可以將這三個(gè)圖形合并在一起，主要是前端對(duì)其進(jìn)行排版即可。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <link rel="stylesheet"  rel="external nofollow" >
    <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.lyshark.com/javascript/jquery/3.5.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.lyshark.com/javascript/echarts/5.0.0/echarts.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>

    <!--餅狀圖繪制方法-->
    <div class="panel panel-primary" style="width: 40%;height: 30%;float: left">
        <div class="panel-heading">
            <h3 class="panel-title">餅狀圖繪制</h3>
        </div>
        <div class="panel-body">
            <div id="PieChart" style="width:100%; height: 300px"></div>
        </div>
    </div>

    <!--柱狀圖繪制方法-->
    <div class="panel panel-primary" style="width: 58%;height: 30%; float: right">
        <div class="panel-heading">
            <h3 class="panel-title">柱狀圖繪制</h3>
        </div>
        <div class="panel-body">
            <div id="HistogramChart" style="width:100%; height: 300px"></div>
        </div>
    </div>

    <!--折線圖繪制方法-->
    <div class="panel panel-primary" style="width: 100%;height: 40%; float: left">
        <div class="panel-heading">
            <h3 class="panel-title">折線圖繪制</h3>
        </div>
        <div class="panel-body">
            <div id="Linechart" style="width:100%; height: 460px"></div>
        </div>
    </div>

    <!--餅狀圖繪制方法-->
    <script type="text/javascript" charset="UTF-8">
        var kv = new Array();
        kv = {{ Address | safe }}
        var test = new Array();
        for(var logkey in kv){
            test.push( {value:kv[logkey], name:logkey} )
        }
        var display = function(){
            var echo = echarts.init(document.getElementById("PieChart"));
            var option = {
                legend: {
                    orient: 'vertical',
                    left: 'left',
                },
                series: [
                    {
                        type: 'pie',
                        radius: '70%',
                        center: ['50%', '50%'],
                        detail: {formatter:'{value}'},
                        data: test
                    }
                ]
            };
            echo.setOption(option,true);
        };
        display();
    </script>

    <!--柱狀圖繪制方法-->
    <script type="text/javascript" charset="UTF-8">
        var kv = new Array();
        var keys = new Array();
        var values = new Array();
        kv = {{ Types | safe }}

        for(var logkey in kv){
            keys.push(logkey);
            values.push(kv[logkey]);
        }
        var display = function() {
            var echo = echarts.init(document.getElementById("HistogramChart"));
            var option = {
                tooltip: {
                    trigger: 'axis',
                    axisPointer: {
                      type: 'shadow'
                    }
                },
                grid: {
                    left: '3%',
                    right: '4%',
                    bottom: '3%',
                    containLabel: true
                },
                xAxis: {
                    type: 'category',
                    data: keys
                },
                yAxis: {
                    type: 'value'
                },
                series: [{
                    data: values,
                    type: 'bar'
                }]
            };
            echo.setOption(option,true);
        };
        display();
    </script>

    <!--折線圖繪制方法-->
    <script type="text/javascript" charset="UTF-8">

        // 函數(shù)主要用于將傳入的字典分解成key,value格式并返回
        var get_key_value = function(kv)
        {
            var keys = new Array();
            var values = new Array();

            for(var logkey in kv)
            {
                keys.push(logkey);
                values.push(kv[logkey]);
            }
            return [keys,values];
        }

        // 輸出1分鐘負(fù)載
        var kv = new Array();
        kv = {{ x | safe }};
        var x = get_key_value(kv);

        // 輸出5分鐘負(fù)載
        var kv = new Array();
        kv = {{ y | safe }};
        var y = get_key_value(kv);

        // 輸出15分鐘負(fù)載
        var kv = new Array();
        kv = {{ z | safe }};
        var z = get_key_value(kv);

        // 顯示利用率
        var display = function() {
            var echo = echarts.init(document.getElementById("Linechart"));
            var option = {
                title: {
                    left: 'left',
                    text: 'CPU 利用表',
                },
                // 調(diào)節(jié)大小
                grid: {
                    left: '3%',
                    right: '4%',
                    bottom: '3%',
                    containLabel: true
                },
                // tooltip 鼠標(biāo)放上去之后會(huì)自動(dòng)出現(xiàn)坐標(biāo)
                tooltip: {
                    trigger: 'axis',
                    axisPointer: {
                        type: 'cross',
                        label: {
                            backgroundColor: '#6a7985'
                        }
                    }
                },
            legend: {
                data: ['1分鐘負(fù)載', '5分鐘負(fù)載', '15分鐘負(fù)載']
            },

            xAxis: {
                type: 'category',
                // data: ['Mon', 'Tue', 'Wed', 'Thu', 'Fri', 'Sat', 'Sun']
                data: x[0]
            },
            yAxis: {
                type: 'value'
            },
            series:
            [
                {
                    name: "1分鐘負(fù)載",
                    stack: "總量",
                    //data: [10, 25, 99, 87, 54, 66, 2],
                    data: x[1],
                    type: 'line'
                },
                {
                    name: "5分鐘負(fù)載",
                    stack: "總量",
                    //data: [89, 57, 85, 44, 25, 4, 54],
                    data: y[1],
                    type: 'line'
                },
                {
                    name: "15分鐘負(fù)載",
                    stack: "總量",
                    //data: [1, 43, 2, 12, 5, 4, 7],
                    data: z[1],
                    type: 'line'
                }
            ]
            };
            echo.setOption(option,true);
        };
        display();
    </script>
</body>

后端代碼如下，其中的參數(shù)可以從數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)內(nèi)提取也可以從文件中讀入。

from flask import Flask,render_template,request
import json

app = Flask(import_name=__name__,
            static_url_path='/python',   # 配置靜態(tài)文件的訪問(wèn)url前綴
            static_folder='static',      # 配置靜態(tài)文件的文件夾
            template_folder='templates') # 配置模板文件的文件夾

@app.route('/', methods=["GET"])
def index():
    Address = {'226': 4, '404': 12, '200': 159, '400': 25, '102': 117, '302': 1625}
    Types = {'Linux': 23, 'studies': 57, 'Windows': 87, 'compatible': 44, 'web': 32, 'X11': 78}
    x = {'03:30': 12, '03:48': 25, '04:15': 47, '04:28': 89, '04:42': 66, '04:51': 54}
    y = {'05:22': 55, '07:48': 29, '07:15': 98, '08:54': 11, '08:41': 61, '06:51': 5}
    z = {'07:30': 1, '09:48': 5, '06:15': 24, '08:28': 59, '2:42': 11, '08:51': 22}
    
    return render_template("index.html",Address = json.dumps(Address), Types= json.dumps(Types), x = json.dumps(x), y = json.dumps(y), z = json.dumps(z))

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(host="127.0.0.1", port=80, debug=False)

輸出效果如下：

到此這篇關(guān)于Flask框架利用Echarts實(shí)現(xiàn)繪制圖形的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關(guān)Flask Echarts繪制圖形內(nèi)容請(qǐng)搜索腳本之家以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章希望大家以后多多支持腳本之家！

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