def print_num(num):
    print(num)
a = 10
print_num(a)  # 實(shí)參引用傳遞給 形參 num

def locationParams(m,n):
    print('第一個參數(shù)',m)
    print('第一個參數(shù)',n)
locationParams(1,2)

def defaultParams(m,n='xiaoming'):
    print('第一個參數(shù)',m)
    print('第一個參數(shù)',n)
defaultParams('Hello','xiaoli')
defaultParams('Hello') #未傳入默認(rèn)參數(shù)
"""
第一個參數(shù) Hello
第二個參數(shù) xiaoli
第一個參數(shù) Hello
第二個參數(shù) xiaoming
"""

def defaultParams(m='xiaoming',n):
    print('第一個參數(shù)',m)
    print('第二個參數(shù)',n)
defaultParams('Hello')  #Python 按照順序傳參，那么沒有實(shí)參會傳遞給形參n

def f(a,l=[]):
    l.append(a)
    return l
print(f(1))
print(f(2))
print(f(3))   
## 默認(rèn)參數(shù)l為list，其對應(yīng)的值也被修改了
"""
[1]
[1, 2]
[1, 2, 3]
"""

def variableParams(*params):
    print("參數(shù): ",params)
    sum = 0
    for i in params:
        sum+=i
    print(sum)
variableParams()  # 不傳入?yún)?shù)
variableParams(1,2,3,4)  # 傳入多個參數(shù)
num_list = [1,2,3,4]
variableParams(*num_list) # num_list 加上“*” 將num_list拆解，否則num_list被當(dāng)成一個參數(shù)傳入
variableParams(num_list[0],num_list[1]) 

def keyWordParams(**params):
    print(params)
keyWordParams()  ## 不傳參數(shù)
keyWordParams(name='xiaoming',age='11',gender='male')  ## 關(guān)鍵字傳參
person_info = {'name': 'xiapli', 'age': '20', 'gender': 'male'}
keyWordParams(**person_info)  # **person_info 將字典拆分
"""
{}
{'name': 'xiaoming', 'age': '11', 'gender': 'male'}
{'name': 'xiapli', 'age': '20', 'gender': 'male'}
"""

def pos_only(a,/):
    print(a)
pos_only(1)  # 1
pos_only(a=1)  
# TypeError: pos_only() got some positional-only arguments passed as keyword arguments: 'a'

def stu_info(name,gender,*,age,city):
    print('name is:',name,' gender is:',gender,' age:',age,' city:',city)
stu_info('Bob','M',age=7,city='TJ')
stu_info('Lucy','F',city='BJ',age=10)

stu_info('Lucy','F',city='BJ',addr=10)
# stu_info() got an unexpected keyword argument 'addr'

#args可以傳遞一個tuple 其后只能傳遞age和city參數(shù)
def stu_info(name,gender,*args,age,city):
    print('name is:',name,' gender is:',gender,' age:',age,' city:',city)
    for i in args:
        print('args:',i)
stu_info('Bob','M',age=7,city='TJ')
stu_info('Lucy','F',(2,3),city='BJ',age=10)
"""
name is: Bob  gender is: M  age: 7  city: TJ
name is: Lucy  gender is: F  age: 10  city: BJ
args: (2, 3)
"""

def function1(a, b, c=0, *arg, **kw):
    print('a =', a, 'b =', b, 'c =', c, 'arg=',arg, 'kw =', kw)
function1(1,2,3,4,5,A=1,B=2)
# a = 1 b = 2 c = 3 arg= (4, 5) kw = {'A': 1, 'B': 2}
def function2(a,/, b, c=0, *arg, **kw):
    print('a =', a, 'b =', b, 'c =', c, 'arg=',arg, 'kw =', kw)
function2(1,2,3,4,5,A=1,B=2)
# a = 1 b = 2 c = 3 arg= (4, 5) kw = {'A': 1, 'B': 2}
def function3(a, b, c=0, *, d, **kw):
    print('a =', a, 'b =', b, 'c =', c, 'd =', d, 'kw =', kw)  
function3(1,2,3,d=4,A=1,B=2)
# a = 1 b = 2 c = 3 d = 4 kw = {'A': 1, 'B': 2}
def function4(a, b, c=0, *arg, d, **kw):
    print('a =', a, 'b =', b, 'c =', c, 'arg=',arg, 'd =', d, 'kw =', kw)
function4(1,2,3,4,5,d=6,A=1,B=2)
# a = 1 b = 2 c = 3 arg= (4, 5) d = 6 kw = {'A': 1, 'B': 2}