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SpringBoot?LocalDateTime格式轉(zhuǎn)換方案詳解(前端入?yún)?

 更新時(shí)間：2023年04月17日 10:52:57   作者：IT利刃出鞘  
這篇文章主要介紹了SpringBoot?LocalDateTime格式轉(zhuǎn)換(前端入?yún)?,本文用示例介紹SpringBoot全局格式配置，將前端傳過來的時(shí)間自動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)化為L(zhǎng)ocalDateTime,需要的朋友可以參考下

簡(jiǎn)介

說明

        項(xiàng)目我們經(jīng)常會(huì)有前后端時(shí)間轉(zhuǎn)換的場(chǎng)景，比如：創(chuàng)建時(shí)間、更新時(shí)間等。一般情況下，前后端使用時(shí)間戳或者年月日的格式進(jìn)行傳遞。

        如果后端收到了前端的參數(shù)每次都手動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)化為想要的格式，后端每次將數(shù)據(jù)傳給前端時(shí)都手動(dòng)處理為想要的格式實(shí)在是太麻煩了。

        基于如上原因，本文用示例介紹SpringBoot全局格式配置，將前端傳過來的時(shí)間自動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)化為L(zhǎng)ocalDateTime。（本文只介紹年月日格式的轉(zhuǎn)化方法，例如：2021-09-16 21:13:21 => LocalDateTime。時(shí)間戳轉(zhuǎn)化為L(zhǎng)ocalDateTime的方法類似）。

相關(guān)網(wǎng)址

http://www.dbjr.com.cn/article/281341.htm

方案簡(jiǎn)介

要分兩種情景進(jìn)行配置（根據(jù)Content-Type的不同）：

1.application/x-www-form-urlencoded 和 multipart/form-data

  • 本處將此種情況記為：不使用@RequestBody

2.application/json

  • 即：使用@RequestBody的接口
  • 本處將此種情況記為：使用@RequestBody

備注

有人說，可以這樣配置：

spring:
  jackson:
    date-format: yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss
    time-zone: GMT+8
    serialization:
      write-dates-as-timestamps: false

這種配置只適用于Date這種，不適用于LocalDateTime等。
Date序列化/反序列化時(shí)都是用的這種格式："2020-08-19T16:30:18.823+00:00"。

不使用@RequestBody

方案1：@ControllerAdvice+@InitBinder

配置類

package com.example.config;
 
import org.springframework.web.bind.WebDataBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.InitBinder;
 
import java.beans.PropertyEditorSupport;
import java.time.LocalDate;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.time.LocalTime;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
 
@ControllerAdvice
public class LocalDateTimeAdvice {
    @InitBinder
    protected void initBinder(WebDataBinder binder) {
        binder.registerCustomEditor(LocalDateTime.class, new PropertyEditorSupport() {
            @Override
            public void setAsText(String text) throws IllegalArgumentException {
                setValue(LocalDateTime.parse(text, DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")));
            }
        });
 
        binder.registerCustomEditor(LocalDate.class, new PropertyEditorSupport() {
            @Override
            public void setAsText(String text) throws IllegalArgumentException {
                setValue(LocalDate.parse(text, DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd")));
            }
        });
 
        binder.registerCustomEditor(LocalTime.class, new PropertyEditorSupport() {
            @Override
            public void setAsText(String text) throws IllegalArgumentException {
                setValue(LocalTime.parse(text, DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("HH:mm:ss")));
            }
        });
    }
}

Entity

package com.example.business.entity;
 
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
 
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
 
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
public class User {
    private Long id;
 
    private String userName;
 
    private LocalDateTime createTime;
}

Controller

package com.example.business.controller;
 
import com.example.business.entity.User;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
 
@RestController
@RequestMapping("user")
public class UserController {
    @PostMapping("save")
    public User save(User user) {
        System.out.println("保存用戶：" + user);
        return user;
    }
}

測(cè)試

postman訪問：http://localhost:8080/user/save?userName=Tony&createTime=2021-09-16 21:13:21

postman結(jié)果：

后端結(jié)果：

方案2：自定義參數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換器（Converter）

實(shí)現(xiàn) org.springframework.core.convert.converter.Converter，自定義參數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換器。

配置類

package com.example.config;
 
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.core.convert.converter.Converter;
 
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
 
@Configuration
public class LocalDateTimeConfig {
 
    @Bean
    public Converter<String, LocalDateTime> localDateTimeConverter() {
        return new LocalDateTimeConverter();
    }
 
    public static class LocalDateTimeConverter implements Converter<String, LocalDateTime> {
        @Override
        public LocalDateTime convert(String s) {
            return LocalDateTime.parse(s, DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));
        }
    }
}

Entity

package com.example.business.entity;
 
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
 
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
 
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
public class User {
    private Long id;
 
    private String userName;
 
    private LocalDateTime createTime;
}

Controller

package com.example.business.controller;
 
import com.example.business.entity.User;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
 
@RestController
@RequestMapping("user")
public class UserController {
    @PostMapping("save")
    public User save(User user) {
        System.out.println("保存用戶：" + user);
        return user;
    }
}

測(cè)試

postman訪問：http://localhost:8080/user/save?userName=Tony&createTime=2021-09-16 21:13:21

postman結(jié)果：

后端結(jié)果

使用@RequestBody

方案1：配置ObjectMapper

法1：只用配置類

本方法只配置ObjectMapper即可，Entity不需要加@JsonFormat。

配置類

package com.knife.example.config;
 
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonParser;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.DeserializationContext;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.MapperFeature;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.deser.std.DateDeserializers;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.std.DateSerializer;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype.jsr310.JavaTimeModule;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype.jsr310.deser.LocalDateDeserializer;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype.jsr310.deser.LocalDateTimeDeserializer;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype.jsr310.deser.LocalTimeDeserializer;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype.jsr310.ser.LocalDateSerializer;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype.jsr310.ser.LocalDateTimeSerializer;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype.jsr310.ser.LocalTimeSerializer;
import lombok.SneakyThrows;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jackson.JacksonProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.http.converter.json.Jackson2ObjectMapperBuilder;
 
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.time.LocalDate;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.time.LocalTime;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
import java.util.Date;
 
@Configuration
public class JacksonConfig {
 
    @Bean
    public ObjectMapper objectMapper(Jackson2ObjectMapperBuilder builder,
									 JacksonProperties jacksonProperties) {
        ObjectMapper objectMapper = builder.build();
 
		// 把“忽略重復(fù)的模塊注冊(cè)”禁用，否則下面的注冊(cè)不生效
		objectMapper.disable(MapperFeature.IGNORE_DUPLICATE_MODULE_REGISTRATIONS);
        objectMapper.registerModule(configTimeModule());
		// 重新設(shè)置為生效，避免被其他地方覆蓋
		objectMapper.enable(MapperFeature.IGNORE_DUPLICATE_MODULE_REGISTRATIONS);
        return objectMapper;
    }
 
    private JavaTimeModule configTimeModule() {
		JavaTimeModule javaTimeModule = new JavaTimeModule();
 
		String localDateTimeFormat = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss";
		String localDateFormat = "yyyy-MM-dd";
		String localTimeFormat = "HH:mm:ss";
		String dateFormat = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss";
 
		// 序列化
		javaTimeModule.addSerializer(
				LocalDateTime.class,
				new LocalDateTimeSerializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(localDateTimeFormat)));
		javaTimeModule.addSerializer(
				LocalDate.class,
				new LocalDateSerializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(localDateFormat)));
		javaTimeModule.addSerializer(
				LocalTime.class,
				new LocalTimeSerializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(localTimeFormat)));
		javaTimeModule.addSerializer(
				Date.class,
				new DateSerializer(false, new SimpleDateFormat(dateFormat)));
 
		// 反序列化
		javaTimeModule.addDeserializer(
				LocalDateTime.class,
				new LocalDateTimeDeserializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(localDateTimeFormat)));
		javaTimeModule.addDeserializer(
				LocalDate.class,
				new LocalDateDeserializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(localDateFormat)));
		javaTimeModule.addDeserializer(
				LocalTime.class,
				new LocalTimeDeserializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(localTimeFormat)));
		javaTimeModule.addDeserializer(Date.class, new DateDeserializers.DateDeserializer(){
			@SneakyThrows
			@Override
			public Date deserialize(JsonParser jsonParser, DeserializationContext dc){
				String text = jsonParser.getText().trim();
				SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat(dateFormat);
				return sdf.parse(text);
			}
		});
		
		return javaTimeModule;
	}
 
}

Entity

package com.example.business.entity;
 
import lombok.Data;
 
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
 
@Data
public class User {
    private Long id;
 
    private String userName;
 
    private LocalDateTime createTime;
}

Controller

package com.example.business.controller;
 
import com.example.business.entity.User;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
 
@RestController
@RequestMapping("user")
public class UserController {
    @PostMapping("save")
    public User save(@RequestBody User user) {
        System.out.println("保存用戶：" + user);
        return user;
    }
}

測(cè)試

后端結(jié)果

保存用戶：User(id=null, userName=Tony, createTime=2021-09-16T21:13:21)

法2：配置類+@JsonFormat

本方法需要配置ObjectMapper，Entity也需要加@JsonFormat。

配置類

 
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype.jdk8.Jdk8Module;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype.jsr310.JavaTimeModule;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.module.paramnames.ParameterNamesModule;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jackson.JacksonProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.jackson.JsonComponent;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.http.converter.json.Jackson2ObjectMapperBuilder;
 
@Configuration
public class JacksonConfig {
 
    @Bean
    public ObjectMapper serializingObjectMapper(Jackson2ObjectMapperBuilder builder,
                                                JacksonProperties jacksonProperties) {
        ObjectMapper objectMapper = builder.build();
 
		// 把“忽略重復(fù)的模塊注冊(cè)”禁用，否則下面的注冊(cè)不生效
		objectMapper.disable(MapperFeature.IGNORE_DUPLICATE_MODULE_REGISTRATIONS);
 
        // 自動(dòng)掃描并注冊(cè)相關(guān)模塊
        objectMapper.findAndRegisterModules();
 
        // 手動(dòng)注冊(cè)相關(guān)模塊
        // objectMapper.registerModule(new ParameterNamesModule());
        // objectMapper.registerModule(new Jdk8Module());
        // objectMapper.registerModule(new JavaTimeModule());
 
		// 重新設(shè)置為生效，避免被其他地方覆蓋
		objectMapper.enable(MapperFeature.IGNORE_DUPLICATE_MODULE_REGISTRATIONS);
 
        return objectMapper;
    }
 
}

Entity

package com.example.business.entity;
 
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonFormat;
import lombok.Data;
 
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
 
@Data
public class User {
    private Long id;
 
    private String userName;
 
    @JsonFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss", timezone = "GMT+8")
    private LocalDateTime createTime;
}

Controller

package com.example.business.controller;
 
import com.example.business.entity.User;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
 
@RestController
@RequestMapping("user")
public class UserController {
    @PostMapping("save")
    public User save(@RequestBody User user) {
        System.out.println("保存用戶：" + user);
        return user;
    }
}

測(cè)試

后端結(jié)果

保存用戶：User(id=null, userName=Tony, createTime=2021-09-16T21:13:21)

方案2：Jackson2ObjectMapperBuilderCustomizer

import com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype.jsr310.deser.LocalDateDeserializer;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype.jsr310.deser.LocalDateTimeDeserializer;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype.jsr310.deser.LocalTimeDeserializer;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype.jsr310.ser.LocalDateSerializer;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype.jsr310.ser.LocalDateTimeSerializer;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype.jsr310.ser.LocalTimeSerializer;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jackson.Jackson2ObjectMapperBuilderCustomizer;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
 
import java.time.LocalDate;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.time.LocalTime;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
 
@Configuration
public class LocalDateTimeConfig {
 
    private final String localDateTimeFormat = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss";
    private final String localDateFormat = "yyyy-MM-dd";
    private final String localTimeFormat = "HH:mm:ss";
 
    @Bean
    public Jackson2ObjectMapperBuilderCustomizer jackson2ObjectMapperBuilderCustomizer() {
        return builder -> {
 
            // 反序列化（接收數(shù)據(jù)）
            builder.deserializerByType(LocalDateTime.class, 
                    new LocalDateTimeDeserializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(localDateTimeFormat)));
            builder.deserializerByType(LocalDate.class,
                    new LocalDateDeserializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(localDateFormat)));
            builder.deserializerByType(LocalTime.class,
                    new LocalTimeDeserializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(localTimeFormat)));
 
            // 序列化（返回?cái)?shù)據(jù)）
            builder.serializerByType(LocalDateTime.class,
                    new LocalDateTimeSerializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(localDateTimeFormat)));
            builder.serializerByType(LocalDate.class,
                    new LocalDateSerializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(localDateFormat)));
            builder.serializerByType(LocalTime.class,
                    new LocalTimeSerializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(localTimeFormat)));
        };
    }
}

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