cpanm安裝及Perl模塊安裝教程
cpanm是安裝Perl模塊的最方便的方法。自動下載安裝依賴包。使用CPAN shell或下載源碼包安裝模塊,遇到大量依賴關(guān)系,非常頭痛。下面就是一例:
安裝MongoDB模塊
# perl Makefile.PL
Warning: prerequisite Class::Method::Modifiers 0 not found.
Warning: prerequisite Data::Types 0 not found.
Warning: prerequisite DateTime 0 not found.
Warning: prerequisite DateTime::Tiny 0 not found.
Warning: prerequisite ExtUtils::MakeMaker 6.59 not found. We have 6.30.
Warning: prerequisite File::Slurp 0 not found.
Warning: prerequisite File::Temp 0.17 not found. We have 0.16.
Warning: prerequisite JSON 0 not found.
Warning: prerequisite Moose 0 not found.
Warning: prerequisite Test::Exception 0 not found.
Warning: prerequisite Test::Warn 0 not found.
Warning: prerequisite Tie::IxHash 0 not found.
Warning: prerequisite Try::Tiny 0 not found.
Warning: prerequisite boolean 0 not found.
Writing Makefile for MongoDB
1. 安裝cpanm
cpanm其實(shí)是一個可執(zhí)行文件而已。將它下載到bin目錄,然后添加執(zhí)行權(quán)限就可以了。
# wget http:
//xrl.us/cpanm -O /usr/bin/cpanm; chmod +x /usr/bin/cpanm
2. 使用cpanm安裝模塊
# cpanm -h
-v,--verbose Turns on chatty output
-q,--quiet Turns off the most output
--interactive 開啟交互配置(required for Task:: modules)
-f,--force 強(qiáng)制安裝
-n,--notest Do not run unit tests
--test-only 只測試不安裝
-S,--sudo sudo to run install commands
--installdeps 只安裝依賴模塊
--showdeps 只顯示依賴信息
--reinstall 重新安裝
--mirror 指定鏡像url (e.g. http://cpan.cpantesters.org/)
--mirror-only 只從鏡像下載
--prompt Prompt when configure/build/test fails
-l,--local-lib Specify the install base to install modules
-L,--local-lib-contained Specify the install base to install all non-core modules
--self-contained Install all non-core modules, even if they're already installed.
--auto-cleanup Number of days that cpanm's work directories expire in. Defaults to 7
Examples:
cpanm Test::More # install Test::More
cpanm MIYAGAWA/Plack-0.99_05.tar.gz # full distribution path
cpanm http://example.org/LDS/CGI.pm-3.20.tar.gz # install from URL
cpanm ~/dists/MyCompany-Enterprise-1.00.tar.gz # install from a local file
cpanm --interactive Task::Kensho # Configure interactively
cpanm . # install from local directory
cpanm --installdeps . # install all the deps for the current directory
cpanm -L extlib Plack # install Plack and all non-core deps into extlib
cpanm --mirror http://cpan.cpantesters.org/ DBI # use the fast-syncing mirror
參數(shù)名直接為模塊名稱
如,安裝MongoDB模塊
# cpanm MongoDB
--> Working on MongoDB
Fetching http://www.cpan.org/authors/id/F/FR/FRIEDO/MongoDB-0.702.0.tar.gz ... OK
Configuring MongoDB-0.702.0 ... OK
==> Found dependencies: DateTime, Tie::IxHash, Data::Types, DateTime::Tiny, Class::Method::Modifiers, boolean, Moose, File::Slurp, Try::Tiny, Test::Exception, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, Test::Warn, File::Temp, JSON
--> Working on DateTime
...... //自動解決依賴模塊
為了加快下載速度, 可以指定使用鏡像,并只從鏡像下載:
# cpanm --mirror http:
//mirrors.163.com/cpan --mirror-only MongoDB
3. 刪除模塊
安裝App::pmuninstall模塊:
# cpanm App::pmuninstall
4.刪除模塊
# pm-uninstall MongoDB
MongoDB.so: undefined symbol: HeUTF8 問題解決方案參見:http://www.dbjr.com.cn/article/56285.htm
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