jQuery為我們網(wǎng)站開(kāi)發(fā)解決了很多問(wèn)題，使我們的網(wǎng)站用戶體驗(yàn)大大的提高了。舉個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的例子，我們用AJAX技術(shù)來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)表單的異步提交，使用戶在體驗(yàn)上有了很大的改觀，用戶在提交數(shù)據(jù)的同時(shí)還可以干一些其他的事情。

不過(guò)，今天在開(kāi)發(fā)中遇到一個(gè)特別頭痛的問(wèn)題，剛開(kāi)始不知道，以為可以實(shí)現(xiàn)，糾結(jié)了將近4個(gè)小時(shí)之久，但結(jié)果很是令人失望。

問(wèn)題是這樣的：為了提高用戶體驗(yàn)，我決定使用AJAX異步提交，于是我用jQuery的$.post去異步提交表單數(shù)據(jù)，文本信息可以很輕松的提交，但是，卻怎么也無(wú)法提交圖片數(shù)據(jù)。怎么辦呢？

在網(wǎng)上查了很多資料，后來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)jQuery不支持圖片上傳（附件上傳），但是有相關(guān)的插件，于是我開(kāi)始慢慢琢磨，開(kāi)始用另一個(gè)專(zhuān)門(mén)上傳文件的插件jquery.ajaxfileupload.js，折騰了很久，總可以上傳圖片了。但是新的問(wèn)題有產(chǎn)生了。

通過(guò)ajaxfileupload來(lái)異步上傳圖片的同時(shí)，卻不能提交文本數(shù)據(jù)。囧啊…….

在網(wǎng)上查了很多資料，折騰了許久，沒(méi)有Django開(kāi)發(fā)的相關(guān)資料，怎么辦？自己想辦法…….

后來(lái)找到了解決方案，跟大家分享一下：

思路：

由于使用jquery.ajaxfileupload.js插件不能傳遞自定義的參數(shù)，腫么辦？自己改寫(xiě)插件唄。碰巧，網(wǎng)上有別人改過(guò)的現(xiàn)成代碼，二話不說(shuō)，先拿來(lái)試試。以下即是我試驗(yàn)的過(guò)程。

1. 前臺(tái)頁(yè)面（部分代碼）：

<table border="0" width="100%"> 
  <form action="." method="post" id="annex_form_2"></form> 
  <tbody> 
  <tr> 
    <td class="col_name" nowrap="nowrap" width="26%">證書(shū)名稱(chēng)：</td>
    <td width="64%"><input size="65" class="input_general" id="prove_name_2" maxlength="50" name="prove_name" 
                type="text"></td> 
    <td nowrap="nowrap" width="7%"></td> 
    <td nowrap="nowrap" width="3%"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="SubmitAnnexInfo(2)" title="保存"><img 
        src="/static/img/hr_manage/btn_save.gif" alt="點(diǎn)此保存"></a></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
    <td class="col_name">證件類(lèi)型：</td> 
    <td><select id="prove_type_2" name="prove_type"> 
      <option selected="selected" value="1">身份證</option> 
      <option value="2">學(xué)位證</option> 
      <option value="3">其他證</option> 
    </select></td> 
    <td> </td> 
    <td> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
    <td class="col_name">證書(shū)描述：</td> 
    <td><input size="80" class="input_general" id="prove_desc_2" maxlength="60" name="prove_desc" type="text"></td> 
    <td> </td> 
    <td> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
    <td class="col_name">附件地址：</td> 
    <td><input size="45" class="input_general" id="prove_url_2" maxlength="45" name="prove_url" style="border:0px;" 
          type="file"></td> 
    <td> </td> 
    <td> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
    <td colspan="4"> 
      <hr> 
    </td> 
  </tr> 
  </tbody> 
</table>

2. 更改后的jquery.ajaxfileupload.js：

jQuery.extend({ 
  createUploadIframe: function(id, uri) 
   { 
        //create frame 
      var frameId = 'jUploadFrame' + id; 
      if(window.ActiveXObject) { 
        var io = document.createElement('<iframe id="' + frameId + '" name="' + frameId + '" />'); 
        if(typeof uri== 'boolean'){ 
          io.src = 'javascript:false'; 
        } 
        else if(typeof uri== 'string'){ 
          io.src = uri; 
        } 
      } 
      else { 
        var io = document.createElement('iframe'); 
        io.id = frameId; 
        io.name = frameId; 
      } 
      io.style.position = 'absolute'; 
      io.style.top = '-1000px'; 
      io.style.left = '-1000px'; 
      document.body.appendChild(io); 
      return io        
  }, 
  createUploadForm: function(id, fileElementId, data) 
   { 
     //create form   
     var formId = 'jUploadForm' + id; 
     var fileId = 'jUploadFile' + id; 
     var form = $('<form action="" method="POST" name="' + formId + '" id="' + formId + '" enctype="multipart/form-data"></form>');   
     var oldElement = $('#' + fileElementId); 
     var newElement = $(oldElement).clone(); 
     $(oldElement).attr('id', fileId); 
     $(oldElement).before(newElement); 
     $(oldElement).appendTo(form); 
     //增加文本參數(shù)的支持 
     if (data) { 
        for (var i in data) { 
          $('<input type="hidden" name="' + i + '" value="' + data[i] + '" />').appendTo(form); 
        } 
     } 
     //set attributes 
     $(form).css('position', 'absolute'); 
     $(form).css('top', '-1200px'); 
     $(form).css('left', '-1200px'); 
     $(form).appendTo('body');      
     return form; 
  }, 
  ajaxFileUpload: function(s) { 
    // TODO introduce global settings, allowing the client to modify them for all requests, not only timeout      
    s = jQuery.extend({}, jQuery.ajaxSettings, s); 
    var id = new Date().getTime()     
     var form = jQuery.createUploadForm(id, s.fileElementId, s.data); 
     var io = jQuery.createUploadIframe(id, s.secureuri); 
     var frameId = 'jUploadFrame' + id; 
     var formId = 'jUploadForm' + id;      
    // Watch for a new set of requests 
    if ( s.global && ! jQuery.active++ ) 
     { 
        jQuery.event.trigger( "ajaxStart" ); 
     }       
    var requestDone = false; 
    // Create the request object 
    var xml = {}  
    if ( s.global ) 
      jQuery.event.trigger("ajaxSend", [xml, s]); 
    // Wait for a response to come back 
    var uploadCallback = function(isTimeout) 
     {        
        var io = document.getElementById(frameId); 
      try 
        {           
          if(io.contentWindow) 
          { 
             xml.responseText = io.contentWindow.document.body?io.contentWindow.document.body.innerHTML:null; 
           xml.responseXML = io.contentWindow.document.XMLDocument?io.contentWindow.document.XMLDocument:io.contentWindow.document;
          }else if(io.contentDocument) 
          { 
             xml.responseText = io.contentDocument.document.body?io.contentDocument.document.body.innerHTML:null; 
           xml.responseXML = io.contentDocument.document.XMLDocument?io.contentDocument.document.XMLDocument:io.contentDocument.document; 
          }                
      }catch(e) 
        { 
          jQuery.handleError(s, xml, null, e); 
        } 
      if ( xml || isTimeout == "timeout") 
        {           
        requestDone = true; 
        var status; 
        try { 
          status = isTimeout != "timeout" ? "success" : "error"; 
          // Make sure that the request was successful or notmodified 
          if ( status != "error" ) 
             { 
            // process the data (runs the xml through httpData regardless of callback) 
            var data = jQuery.uploadHttpData( xml, s.dataType );   
            // If a local callback was specified, fire it and pass it the data 
            if ( s.success ) 
              s.success( data, status ); 
            // Fire the global callback 
            if( s.global ) 
              jQuery.event.trigger( "ajaxSuccess", [xml, s] ); 
          } else 
            jQuery.handleError(s, xml, status); 
        } catch(e) 
          { 
          status = "error"; 
          jQuery.handleError(s, xml, status, e); 
        } 
        // The request was completed 
        if( s.global ) 
          jQuery.event.trigger( "ajaxComplete", [xml, s] ); 
        // Handle the global AJAX counter 
        if ( s.global && ! --jQuery.active ) 
          jQuery.event.trigger( "ajaxStop" ); 
        // Process result 
        if ( s.complete ) 
          s.complete(xml, status); 
        jQuery(io).unbind() 
        setTimeout(function() 
          {   try 
            { 
              $(io).remove(); 
              $(form).remove();   
            } catch(e) 
            { 
              jQuery.handleError(s, xml, null, e); 
            }                       
          }, 100) 
        xml = null 
      } 
    } 
    // Timeout checker 
    if ( s.timeout > 0 ) 
     { 
      setTimeout(function(){ 
        // Check to see if the request is still happening 
        if( !requestDone ) uploadCallback( "timeout" ); 
      }, s.timeout); 
    } 
    try 
     { 
      // var io = $('#' + frameId); 
        var form = $('#' + formId); 
        $(form).attr('action', s.url); 
        $(form).attr('method', 'POST'); 
        $(form).attr('target', frameId); 
      if(form.encoding) 
        { 
        form.encoding = 'multipart/form-data';
      } 
      else 
        {           
        form.enctype = 'multipart/form-data'; 
      }        
      $(form).submit(); 
    } catch(e) 
     {        
      jQuery.handleError(s, xml, null, e); 
    } 
    if(window.attachEvent){ 
      document.getElementById(frameId).attachEvent('onload', uploadCallback); 
    } 
    else{ 
      document.getElementById(frameId).addEventListener('load', uploadCallback, false); 
    }      
    return {abort: function () {}};   
  }, 
  uploadHttpData: function( r, type ) { 
    var data = !type; 
    data = type == "xml" || data ? r.responseXML : r.responseText; 
    // If the type is "script", eval it in global context 
    if ( type == "script" ) 
      jQuery.globalEval( data ); 
    // Get the JavaScript object, if JSON is used. 
    if ( type == "json" ) 
      eval( "data = " + data ); 
    // evaluate scripts within html 
    if ( type == "html" ) 
      jQuery("<div>").html(data).evalScripts(); 
        //alert($('param', data).each(function(){alert($(this).attr('value'));})); 
    return data; 
  } 
})

3. 調(diào)用方法

//保存附件信息 
function SaveAnnexInfo() { 
  var prove_name = $("#id_prove_name").val(); //從界面得到值 
  var prove_type = $("#id_prove_type").val(); 
  var prove_desc = $("#id_prove_desc").val(); 
  $.ajaxFileUpload({  
    url: "/test/annex_info /",   //請(qǐng)求的Url地址 
    secureuri:false,  
    fileElementId:'id_prove_url',  
    dataType: 'json',  
    data: {   //加入的文本參數(shù)  
      "prove_name":prove_name, 
      "prove_type":prove_type,  
      "prove_desc":prove_desc 
    },  
    success: function(data) {  
      asyncbox.tips('操作成功！', 'success');          
    },  
    error: function() {  
      asyncbox.tips("上傳失敗，請(qǐng)檢查文件是否符合格式要求。");  
     }  
  });  
}

4. Python后臺(tái)處理（代碼片段）

if annex_form.is_valid(): 
     annex_info = annex_form.save(commit=False) 
     #獲取上傳 
     annex_url = request.FILES.get('prove_url','') #取附件 
     annex_info.entry = entry_info 
     annex_info.prove_url = annex_url 
     annex_info.save() 
     return HttpResponse(1) #操作成功 
return HttpResponse(0) #操作失敗

希望本文所述對(duì)大家的Python程序設(shè)計(jì)有所幫助。

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