Linux系統(tǒng)上Nginx+Python的web.py與Django框架環(huán)境

更新時間：2015年12月25日 16:01:39 投稿：goldensun

這篇文章主要介紹了Linux系統(tǒng)上Nginx+Python的web.py與Django框架環(huán)境,文中使用fastcgi作為連接,需要的朋友可以參考下

1.編譯nginx
在網(wǎng)上買了一本《實戰(zhàn)nginx-取代Apache的高性能服務(wù)器》，寫的比較淺，主要是些配置方面的東西，不過卻正是目前我所需要的。由于需要支持https和rewrite，所以除了nginx的源碼之外，又下載了 openssl-0.9.8r.tar.gz 和 pcre-8.12.tar.gz，把他們和nginx-1.0.4.tar.gz放到同一個目錄。
為了方便編譯，筆者寫了一個腳本，代碼如下:

#!/bin/bash
 
#=============================================================================
#腳本所在絕對目錄
abs_path(){
 local path=$1
 local basename=$( basename $path )
 local dirname=$( dirname $path )
 cd $dirname
 if [ -h $basename ]; then
  path=$( readlink $basename )
  abs_path $path
 else
  pwd
 fi
}
 
#=============================================================================
#依賴的目錄
src_base_dir=$( abs_path $0 )
src_openssl_dir=$src_base_dir'/openssl-0.9.8r'
src_pcre_dir=$src_base_dir'/pcre-8.12'
src_nginx_dir=$src_base_dir'/nginx-1.0.4'
 
#=============================================================================
#目標(biāo)的目錄
dest_base_dir=$src_base_dir'/release'
dest_nginx_dir=$dest_base_dir'/nginx'
 
#=============================================================================
#把所有的tar.gz解壓
find . -name "*.tar.gz" | xargs -IX tar zxvf X
 
#=============================================================================
#編譯nginx
cd $src_nginx_dir
chmod u+x ./configure
./configure --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-openssl=$src_openssl_dir --with-pcre=$src_pcre_dir --prefix=$dest_nginx_dir
make && make install

2.配置nginx
在server配置項下增加

location / {
 #這兩種方法都可以，只不過spawn-cgi啟動的方法不同
 #fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9002;
 fastcgi_pass unix:webpy.sock;
 
 fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;
 fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;
 fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;
 fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;
 fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;
 fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx/$nginx_version;
 fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;
 fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;
 fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;
 fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;
 fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;
 fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;
 fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $fastcgi_script_name;
 fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_script_name;
}

這里的3個location配置分別解決了，與python進程通信、django后臺管理端樣式存放、網(wǎng)站樣式存放的問題。對照著apache的配置來看，就很容易明白了

WSGIPythonEggs /tmp
<VirtualHost *>
 ServerName fuload.qq.com
 WSGIScriptAlias / /home/dantezhu/htdocs/fuload/conf/setting.wsgi
 <Directory />
  Options FollowSymLinks
  AllowOverride
  Order allow,deny 
  Allow from all 
 </Directory>
 <Directory "/home/dantezhu/htdocs/fuload/mysite">
  Order Deny,Allow 
  Deny from all 
 </Directory>
 Alias /admin_media "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/admin/media"
 <Directory "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/admin/media">
  Order allow,deny 
  Options Indexes
  Allow from all 
  IndexOptions FancyIndexing
 </Directory>
 
 #AliasMatch /site_media/(.*\.(css|gif|png|jpg|jpeg)) /home/dantezhu/htdocs/fuload/media/$1 
 Alias /site_media /home/dantezhu/htdocs/fuload/media/
 <Directory "/home/dantezhu/htdocs/fuload/media/">
  Order allow,deny 
  Options Indexes
  Allow from all 
  IndexOptions FancyIndexing
 </Directory>
</VirtualHost>

3.安裝fastcgi依賴
需要到 http://trac.saddi.com/flup下載安裝，之后fastcgi才能夠正常啟動。

4.啟動django
創(chuàng)建django project的過程我們就不說了，只列出啟動/停止的命令:
啟動:

#python manage.py runfcgi daemonize=true pidfile=`pwd`/django.pid host=127.0.0.1 port=9001 maxrequests=1 &
python manage.py runfcgi daemonize=true pidfile=`pwd`/django.pid socket=/home/dantezhu/nginx/sbin/django.sock maxrequests=1 &

停止:

kill -9 `cat django.pid`

啟動nginx
啟動:

./nginx -p /home/dantezhu/nginx/

停止:

kill -QUIT `cat ../logs/nginx.pid`

重新載入配置:

./nginx -t -c `pwd`/../conf/nginx.conf
kill -HUP `cat ../logs/nginx.pid`

成功顯示了django的后臺界面:
PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP1

5.部署web.py版
安裝依賴
spawn-cgi
flup
配置nginx
在server配置項下增加

location / {
 #這兩種方法都可以，只不過spawn-cgi啟動的方法不同
 #fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9002;
 fastcgi_pass unix:webpy.sock;
 
 fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;
 fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;
 fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;
 fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;
 fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;
 fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx/$nginx_version;
 fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;
 fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;
 fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;
 fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;
 fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;
 fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;
 fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $fastcgi_script_name;
 fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_script_name;
}

一個簡單的index.py

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 
import web 
 
urls = ("/.*", "hello")
app = web.application(urls, globals())
 
class hello:
 def GET(self):
  return 'Hello, world!'
 
if __name__ == "__main__":
 web.wsgi.runwsgi = lambda func, addr=None: web.wsgi.runfcgi(func, addr)
 app.run()

并執(zhí)行:

chmod +x index.py

.啟動web.py
啟動:

#spawn-fcgi -P `pwd`/webpy.pid -f /home/dantezhu/htdocs/ngx_web/index.py -a 127.0.0.1 -p 9002 &
spawn-fcgi -P `pwd`/webpy.pid -f /home/dantezhu/htdocs/ngx_web/index.py -s /home/dantezhu/nginx/sbin/webpy.sock &

停止:

kill -9 `cat webpy.pid`

啟動nginx
加入到rc.local中，自動啟動

/home/dantezhu/nginx/sbin/start.sh
sudo -u dantezhu /home/dantezhu/htdocs/ngx_django/mysite/start.sh
sudo -u dantezhu /home/dantezhu/htdocs/ngx_web/start.sh

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