使用線程有兩種模式，一種是創(chuàng)建線程要執(zhí)行的函數(shù)，把這個(gè)函數(shù)傳遞進(jìn)Thread對象里，讓它來執(zhí)行，一種是直接從Thread繼承，創(chuàng)建一個(gè)新的class，把線程執(zhí)行的代碼放到這個(gè)新的類里面，用例如下：

①使用Thread來實(shí)現(xiàn)多線程

#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-

import string
import threading 
import time

def threadMain(a):
  global count,mutex
  #獲得線程名
  threadname = threading.currentThread().getName()

  for x in xrange(0,int(a)):
    #獲得鎖
    mutex.acquire()
    count += 1
    #釋放鎖
    mutex.release()
    print threadname,x,count
    time.sleep()

def main(num):
  global count,mutex
  threads = []
  count = 1
  #創(chuàng)建一個(gè)鎖
  mutex = threading.Lock()
  #先創(chuàng)建線程對象
  for x in xrange(0,num):
    threads.append(threading.Thread(target = threadMain,args=(10,)))
  for t in threads:
    t.start()
  for t in threads:
    t.join()

if __name__ == "__main__":
  num = 4
  main(num);

②使用threading來實(shí)現(xiàn)多線程

#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-

import threading
import time

class Test(threading.Thread):
  def __init__(self,num):
    threading.Thread.__init__(self):
    self._run_num = num

  def run(self):
    global count,mutex
    threadName = threading.currentThread.getName()
    for x in xrange(0,int(self._run_num)):
      mutex.acquire()
      count += 1
      mutex.release()
      print threadName,x,count
      time.sleep(1)

if __name__ == "__main__":
  global count,mutex
  threads = []
  num = 4
  count = 1
  mutex.threading.Lock()
  for x in xrange(o,num):
    threads.append(Test(10))
  #啟動(dòng)線程
  for t in threads:
    t.start()
  #等待子線程結(jié)束
  for t in threads:
    t.join()

二：optparser VS getopt

①使用getopt模塊處理Unix模式的命令行選項(xiàng)

getopt模塊用于抽出命令行選項(xiàng)和參數(shù)，也就是sys.argv，命令行選項(xiàng)使得程序的參數(shù)更加靈活，支持短選項(xiàng)模式和長選項(xiàng)模式

例：python scriptname.py –f “hello” –directory-prefix=”/home” –t --format ‘a(chǎn)'‘b'

getopt函數(shù)的格式：getopt.getopt([命令行參數(shù)列表]，‘短選項(xiàng)',[長選項(xiàng)列表])

其中短選項(xiàng)名后面的帶冒號(hào)(:)表示該選項(xiàng)必須有附加的參數(shù)

長選項(xiàng)名后面有等號(hào)(=)表示該選項(xiàng)必須有附加的參數(shù)

返回options以及args

options是一個(gè)參數(shù)選項(xiàng)及其value的元組((‘-f','hello'),(‘-t',''),(‘—format',''),(‘—directory-prefix','/home'))

args是除去有用參數(shù)外其他的命令行輸入(‘a(chǎn)',‘b')

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

import sys
import getopt

def Usage():
  print "Usage: %s [-a|-0|-c] [--help|--output] args..."%sys.argv[0]

if __name__ == "__main__":
  try:
    options,args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:],"ao:c",['help',"putput="]):
    print options
    print "\n"
    print args

    for option,arg in options:
      if option in ("-h","--help"):
        Usage()
        sys.exit(1)
      elif option in ('-t','--test'):
        print "for test option"
      else:
        print option,arg
  except getopt.GetoptError:
    print "Getopt Error"
    Usage()
    sys.exit(1)

②optparser模塊

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import optparser
def main():
  usage = "Usage: %prog [option] arg1,arg2..."
  parser = OptionParser(usage=usage)
  parser.add_option("-v","--verbose",action="store_true",dest="verbose",default=True,help="make lots of noise [default]")
  parser.add_option("-q","--quiet",action="store_false",dest="verbose",help="be vewwy quiet (I'm hunting wabbits)")
  parser.add_option("-f","--filename",metavar="FILE",help="write output to FILE")
  parser.add_option("-m","--mode",default="intermediate",help="interaction mode: novice, intermediate,or expert [default: %default]")
  (options,args) = parser.parse_args()
  if len(args) != 1:
    parser.error("incorrect number of arguments")
  if options.verbose:
    print "reading %s..." %options.filename 

if __name__ == "__main__":
  main()

以上就是threading VS Thread、optparser VS getopt 的相互比較，希望對大家學(xué)習(xí)模塊有所幫助。

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