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Golang設(shè)計(jì)模式之生成器模式講解和代碼示例

更新時(shí)間：2023年06月21日 09:26:05 作者：demo007x

生成器是一種創(chuàng)建型設(shè)計(jì)模式，使你能夠分步驟創(chuàng)建復(fù)雜對(duì)象，與其他創(chuàng)建型模式不同，生成器不要求產(chǎn)品擁有通用接口，這使得用相同的創(chuàng)建過(guò)程生成不同的產(chǎn)品成為可能，本文就通過(guò)代碼示例為大家詳細(xì)介紹Golang生成器模式，感興趣的同學(xué)可以參考下

Go 生成器模式講解和代碼示例

概念示例

當(dāng)所需產(chǎn)品較為復(fù)雜且需要多個(gè)步驟才能完成時(shí)，也可以使用生成器模式。在這種情況下，使用多個(gè)構(gòu)造方法比僅僅使用一個(gè)復(fù)雜可怕的構(gòu)造函數(shù)更簡(jiǎn)單。分為多個(gè)步驟進(jìn)行構(gòu)建的潛在問(wèn)題是，構(gòu)建不完整的和不穩(wěn)定的產(chǎn)品可能會(huì)被暴露給客戶端。生成器模式能夠在產(chǎn)品完成構(gòu)建之前使其處于私密狀態(tài)。

在下方的代碼中，我們可以看到 iglooBuilder冰屋生成器與 normalBuilder普通房屋生成器可建造不同類型房屋，即 igloo冰屋和 normalHouse普通房屋。每種房屋類型的建造步驟都是相同的。主管（可選）結(jié)構(gòu)體可對(duì)建造過(guò)程進(jìn)行組織。

iBuilder.go: 生成器接口

package main
type IBuilder interface {
    setWindowType()
    setDoorType()
    setNumFloor()
    getHouse() House
}
func getBuilder(builderType string) IBuilder {
    if builderType == "normal" {
        return newNormalBuilder()
    }
    if builderType == "igloo" {
        return newIglooBuilder()
    }
    return nil
}

normalBuilder.go: 具體生成器

package main
type NormalBuilder struct {
    windowType string
    doorType   string
    floor      int
}
func newNormalBuilder() *NormalBuilder {
    return &NormalBuilder{}
}
func (b *NormalBuilder) setWindowType() {
    b.windowType = "Wooden Window"
}
func (b *NormalBuilder) setDoorType() {
    b.doorType = "Wooden Door"
}
func (b *NormalBuilder) setNumFloor() {
    b.floor = 2
}
func (b *NormalBuilder) getHouse() House {
    return House{
        doorType:   b.doorType,
        windowType: b.windowType,
        floor:      b.floor,
    }
}

iglooBuilder.go: 具體生成器

package main
type IglooBuilder struct {
    windowType string
    doorType   string
    floor      int
}
func newIglooBuilder() *IglooBuilder {
    return &IglooBuilder{}
}
func (b *IglooBuilder) setWindowType() {
    b.windowType = "Snow Window"
}
func (b *IglooBuilder) setDoorType() {
    b.doorType = "Snow Door"
}
func (b *IglooBuilder) setNumFloor() {
    b.floor = 1
}
func (b *IglooBuilder) getHouse() House {
    return House{
        doorType:   b.doorType,
        windowType: b.windowType,
        floor:      b.floor,
    }
}

house.go: 產(chǎn)品

package main
type House struct {
    windowType string
    doorType   string
    floor      int
}

director.go: 主管

package main
type Director struct {
    builder IBuilder
}
func newDirector(b IBuilder) *Director {
    return &Director{
        builder: b,
    }
}
func (d *Director) setBuilder(b IBuilder) {
    d.builder = b
}
func (d *Director) buildHouse() House {
    d.builder.setDoorType()
    d.builder.setWindowType()
    d.builder.setNumFloor()
    return d.builder.getHouse()
}

main.go: 客戶端代碼

package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
    normalBuilder := getBuilder("normal")
    iglooBuilder := getBuilder("igloo")
    director := newDirector(normalBuilder)
    normalHouse := director.buildHouse()
    fmt.Printf("Normal House Door Type: %s\n", normalHouse.doorType)
    fmt.Printf("Normal House Window Type: %s\n", normalHouse.windowType)
    fmt.Printf("Normal House Num Floor: %d\n", normalHouse.floor)
    director.setBuilder(iglooBuilder)
    iglooHouse := director.buildHouse()
    fmt.Printf("\nIgloo House Door Type: %s\n", iglooHouse.doorType)
    fmt.Printf("Igloo House Window Type: %s\n", iglooHouse.windowType)
    fmt.Printf("Igloo House Num Floor: %d\n", iglooHouse.floor)
}

output.txt: 執(zhí)行結(jié)果

Normal House Door Type: Wooden Door
Normal House Window Type: Wooden Window
Normal House Num Floor: 2

Igloo House Door Type: Snow Door
Igloo House Window Type: Snow Window
Igloo House Num Floor: 1

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