from django.db import models
class BookModel(models.Model):
    """
    書籍模型
    """
    name = models.CharField(max_length=200, verbose_name='書籍名稱')
    book_info = models.TextField(max_length=1024, default=None, blank=True, verbose_name='書籍介紹')
    create_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='創(chuàng)建時間')
    class Meta:
        db_table = 'tb_book'
        verbose_name = '書籍信息'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
class HeroModel(models.Model):
    """
    書籍人物模型
    """
    name = models.CharField(max_length=200, verbose_name='英雄姓名')
    hero_info = models.TextField(max_length=1024, default=None, blank=True, verbose_name='英雄介紹')
    join_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='加入時間')
    book_name = models.ForeignKey('BookModel', on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='book_hero', verbose_name='所屬書籍')
    class Meta:
        db_table = 'tb_hero'
        verbose_name = '書籍人物信息'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    ......
    'rest_framework',
]

# serializers.py
from rest_framework import serializers
from .models import BookModel, HeroModel
class BookSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = BookModel
        fields = '__all__'

# views.py
from rest_framework.viewsets import GenericViewSet
from rest_framework.mixins import ListModelMixin, CreateModelMixin
from .serializers import BookSerializer
from .models import BookModel
class Books(GenericViewSet, ListModelMixin, CreateModelMixin):
    queryset = BookModel.objects.all()
    serializer_class = BookSerializer

from rest_framework.routers import DefaultRouter
from . import views
app_name = 'book'
urlpatterns = [
]
router = DefaultRouter()
router.register('book', views.Books, basename='book')
urlpatterns += router.urls

class BookSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    book_hero = serializers.PrimaryKeyRelatedField(read_only=True, many=True)
    class Meta:
        model = BookModel
        fields = ['name', 'book_info', 'book_hero', 'create_time']

class BookSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    book_hero = serializers.StringRelatedField(read_only=True, many=True)
    class Meta:
        model = BookModel
        fields = ['name', 'book_info', 'book_hero', 'create_time']

class BookSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    # Heroserializer應先于本序列化器前定義
    book_hero = HeroSerializer(many=True)
    class Meta:
        model = BookModel
        fields = ['name', 'book_info', 'book_hero', 'create_time']

class BookSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    book_hero = serializers.StringRelatedField(many=True, read_only=True)
    class Meta:
        model = BookModel
        fields = ['name', 'book_info', 'book_hero', 'create_time']
    def validate_name(self, value):
        """
        驗證書名不能是python
        """
        if value == 'python':
            raise serializers.ValidationError('書名不能是python')
        return value

def validate(self, attrs):
        if attrs['name'] == 'python' or attrs['book_info'] == 'python':
            raise serializers.ValidationError('書名或info不能是python')
        return attrs

from rest_framework.decorators import action
class Books(GenericViewSet, ListModelMixin, CreateModelMixin):
    queryset = BookModel.objects.all()
    serializer_class = BookSerializer
    @action(methods=['get'], detail=True)
    def hello(self, request, pk):
        res = 'hello' + str(pk)
        return Response(res)