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python通過設(shè)置WordCloud參數(shù)實現(xiàn)定制詞云

更新時間：2023年11月05日 09:53:23 作者：微小冷

這篇文章主要為大家詳細介紹了python如何通過設(shè)置WordCloud參數(shù)實現(xiàn)定制詞云,文中的示例代碼講解詳細,感興趣的小伙伴可以跟隨小編一起學(xué)習(xí)一下

添加整型參數(shù)

我們所有的設(shè)置都放在了wcDct中，所以若想用更多的參數(shù)來定制詞云，那么只需在wcDct中添加內(nèi)容，例如下面這些整型參數(shù)

其次，WordCloud中有很多參數(shù)的數(shù)據(jù)類型都是整型，這些適用于Spinbox

參數(shù)	說明	合適的范圍	步長
width	詞云寬度	100-2000	10
height	詞云高度	100-2000	10
min_font_size	最小文字尺寸	1-50	1
max_font_size	最大文字尺寸	10-1000	10
font_step	字體步長	1-20	1
max_words	最大單詞數(shù)	10-500	10
min_word_length	最短單詞長度	0-10	1
scale	圖像縮放	默認是1

下面就是要向wcDct中添加的內(nèi)容。

wcDct = {
    "最小文字" : {
        "ctrl": ttk.Spinbox, 
        "paras" : {"width":10, "from_":1, "to":50, "increment":1},
        "default":4,
        "call" : "min_font_size"},
    "最大文字" : {
        "ctrl": ttk.Spinbox, 
        "paras" : {"width":10, "from_":10, "to":1e3, "increment":10},
        "default":400,
        "call" : "max_font_size"},
    "字體步長" : {
        "ctrl": ttk.Spinbox, 
        "paras" : {"width":10, "from_":1, "to":20, "increment":1},
        "default":10,
        "call" : "font_step"},
    "最短詞長" : {
        "ctrl": ttk.Spinbox, 
        "paras" : {"width":10, "from_":0, "to":10, "increment":1},
        "default":1,
        "call" : "min_word_length"},
    "最多詞數(shù)" : {
        "ctrl": ttk.Spinbox, 
        "paras" : {"width":10, "from_":10, "to":500, "increment":10},
        "default":200,
        "call" : "max_words"},
    "圖像縮放" : {
        "ctrl": ttk.Spinbox, 
        "paras" : {"width":10, "from_":0.5, "to":5, "increment":0.1},
        "default":1,
        "call" : "scale"},
}

布爾型參數(shù)

然后是一些布爾類型的參數(shù)，適合用Checkbutton

參數(shù)	說明	類型	適用組件
repeat	是否重復(fù)單詞	默認False	Checkbutton
include_numbers	是否包含數(shù)字	默認False
normalize_plurals	是否去掉詞尾的s	默認True

wcDct = {
    "單詞重復(fù)" : {
        "ctrl": ttk.Checkbutton, 
        "paras" : {"width":10},
        "default": False,
        "call" : "repeat"},
    "包含數(shù)字" : {
        "ctrl": ttk.Checkbutton, 
        "paras" : {"width":10},
        "default": False,
        "call" : "include_numbers"},
    "去詞尾s" : {
        "ctrl": ttk.Checkbutton, 
        "paras" : {"width":10},
        "default": False,
        "call" : "normalize_plurals"},
}

背景顏色

最后，還有一個背景顏色對話框

參數(shù)	說明	對話框類型	說明
background_color	背景色	顏色對話框	默認"black"

wcDct = {
    "背景顏色" : {
        "ctrl": DialogButton,
        "paras" : {"height":5, "widthL":22, "widthR":8, "logtype":"顏色"},
        "call" : "background_color",
        "default" : "balck"},
}

更改之后的界面如下

詞云生成邏輯

有了這些之后，還要修改詞云生成邏輯，即調(diào)用這些參數(shù)所獲得的值，最后根據(jù)上圖中的參數(shù)，得到點云如下

源代碼

所有源代碼如下

import tkinter as tk 
import tkinter.ttk as ttk
from tkinter.filedialog import (askopenfilename,
    askopenfilenames, askdirectory, asksaveasfilename)
from tkinter.colorchooser import askcolor

from threading import Thread

import numpy as np
import re
import csv
import jieba
from wordcloud import WordCloud

import os

class DialogButton(ttk.Frame):
    def __init__(self, master, 
        height, widthL, widthR, logtype, label=None, text=None, 
        frmDct={}, btnDct={}, enyDct={}, logDct={}):
        w = widthL + widthR
        super().__init__(master, 
            height=height, width = w, **frmDct)
        self.pack(fill=tk.X)

        self.text = tk.StringVar() if not text else text
        ttk.Entry(self, width=widthL, textvariable=self.text, 
            **enyDct).pack(side=tk.LEFT, fill = tk.X, padx=5)
        
        ttk.Button(self, width=widthR, 
            text=self.setLabel(logtype, label),
            command = self.Click, **btnDct).pack(side=tk.RIGHT)
        self.logtype = logtype
        self.logDct = logDct

    def setLabel(self, key, label=None):
        if label:
            return label
        labelDct = {
            "文件"   : "選擇文件",
            "文件夾" : "選擇路徑",
            "多文件" : "選擇多個文件",
            "保存" : "存儲路徑",
            "顏色"   : "選擇顏色",
        }
        return labelDct[key]

    def Click(self):
        typeDct = {
            "文件"  : askopenfilename,
            "文件夾": askdirectory,
            "多文件": askopenfilenames,
            "保存"  : asksaveasfilename,
            "顏色"  : askcolor,
        }
        text = typeDct[self.logtype](**self.logDct)
        if self.logtype == "顏色":
            text = text[1]
        self.text.set(text)

    def get(self):
        return self.text.get()

    def set(self, txt):
        self.text.set(txt)

wcDct = {
    "詞云寬度" : {
        "ctrl": ttk.Spinbox, 
        "paras" : {"width":10, "from_":100, "to":2000, "increment":10},
        "default":800,
        "call" : "width"},
    "詞云高度" : {
        "ctrl": ttk.Spinbox, 
        "paras" : {"width":10, "from_":100, "to":2000, "increment":10},
        "default":450,
        "call" : "height"},
    "圖像縮放" : {
        "ctrl": ttk.Spinbox, 
        "paras" : {"width":10, "from_":0.5, "to":10, "increment":0.1},
        "default":1,
        "call" : "scale"},
    "最小文字" : {
        "ctrl": ttk.Spinbox, 
        "paras" : {"width":10, "from_":1, "to":50, "increment":1},
        "default":4,
        "call" : "min_font_size"},
    "最大文字" : {
        "ctrl": ttk.Spinbox, 
        "paras" : {"width":10, "from_":10, "to":1e3, "increment":10},
        "default":400,
        "call" : "max_font_size"},
    "字體步長" : {
        "ctrl": ttk.Spinbox, 
        "paras" : {"width":10, "from_":1, "to":20, "increment":1},
        "default":10,
        "call" : "font_step"},
    "最短詞長" : {
        "ctrl": ttk.Spinbox, 
        "paras" : {"width":10, "from_":0, "to":10, "increment":1},
        "default":1,
        "call" : "min_word_length"},
    "最多詞數(shù)" : {
        "ctrl": ttk.Spinbox, 
        "paras" : {"width":10, "from_":10, "to":500, "increment":10},
        "default":200,
        "call" : "max_words"},
    "字體路徑" : {"ctrl": DialogButton,
                 "paras" : {"height":5, "widthL":22, "widthR":8, "logtype":"文件"},
                 "call" : "font_path",
                 "default" : r"C:\Windows\Fonts\simhei.ttf"},
    "輸入路徑" : {"ctrl": DialogButton, "paras" : {"width":25},
                "paras" : {"height":5, "widthL":22, "widthR":8, "logtype":"文件"},},
    "輸出路徑" : {"ctrl": DialogButton, "paras" : {"width":25},
                "paras" : {"height":5, "widthL":22, "widthR":8, "logtype":"保存"},},
    "背景顏色" : {
        "ctrl": DialogButton,
        "paras" : {"height":5, "widthL":22, "widthR":8, "logtype":"顏色"},
        "call" : "background_color",
        "default" : "balck"},
    "單詞重復(fù)" : {
        "ctrl": ttk.Checkbutton, 
        "paras" : {"width":10},
        "default": False,
        "call" : "repeat"},
    "包含數(shù)字" : {
        "ctrl": ttk.Checkbutton, 
        "paras" : {"width":10},
        "default": False,
        "call" : "include_numbers"},
    "去詞尾s" : {
        "ctrl": ttk.Checkbutton, 
        "paras" : {"width":10},
        "default": False,
        "call" : "normalize_plurals"},
}


class DrawWords(ttk.Frame):
    def __init__(self, master, **options):
        super().__init__(master, **options)
        self.pack()
        self.words = None

        self.initWidgets()

    
    def initWidgets(self):
        frm = ttk.Frame(self)
        frm.pack(side=tk.LEFT, fill=tk.Y)
        self.initPara(frm)

        frm = ttk.LabelFrame(self, text="分詞結(jié)果")
        frm.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True)
        self.txtSplit = tk.Text(frm)
        self.txtSplit.pack(side=tk.LEFT, fill=tk.BOTH, padx=5, pady=5, expand=True)
        self.addScroll(frm, self.txtSplit)
    
    def addScroll(self, frm, txt):
        scroll = ttk.Scrollbar(frm)
        scroll.pack(side=tk.RIGHT,fill=tk.Y)
        txt.config(yscrollcommand=scroll.set)
        scroll.config(command=txt.yview)

    def setOneCheck(self, frm, key):
        v = wcDct[key]      # 組件參數(shù)
        n = v["call"]       # 調(diào)用名
        self.vars[n] = tk.BooleanVar()
        self.vars[n].set(v["default"])
        self.checks[n] = v["ctrl"](frm, text=key,
            variable=self.vars[n], **v["paras"])
        self.checks[n].pack(side=tk.LEFT)
        

    def setOneSpinBox(self, frm, key):
        ttk.Label(frm, width=8, text=key).pack(side=tk.LEFT)
        v = wcDct[key]      # 組件參數(shù)
        n = v["call"]       # 調(diào)用名
        self.spins[n] = v["ctrl"](frm, **v["paras"])
        self.spins[n].set(v["default"])
        self.spins[n].pack(side=tk.LEFT)
    
    def setOneDiaButton(self, frmPara, key):
        frm = ttk.Frame(frmPara)
        frm.pack(side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.X)
        ttk.Label(frm, width=8, text=key).pack(side=tk.LEFT)
        v = wcDct[key]
        n = v["call"] if 'call' in v else key
        self.paths[n] = v["ctrl"](frm, **v['paras'])
        self.paths[n].pack(side=tk.LEFT)
        if 'default' in v:
            self.paths[n].set(v['default'])

    def setOneColButton(self, frm, key):
        frm = ttk.Frame(frmPara)
        frm.pack(side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.X)
        ttk.Label(frm, width=8, text=key).pack(side=tk.LEFT)
        v = wcDct[key]
        n = v["call"] if 'call' in v else key
        self.paths[n] = v["ctrl"](frm, **v['paras'])
        self.paths[n].pack(side=tk.LEFT)
        if 'default' in v:
            self.paths[n].set(v['default'])


    def initPara(self, frmPara):
        self.spins = {}
        self.checks = {}
        self.vars = {}
        keys = ["詞云寬度", "詞云高度", "最小文字", "最大文字", 
            "字體步長", "圖像縮放", "最短詞長", "最多詞數(shù)"]
        for i,key in enumerate(keys):
            if i%2==0:
                frm = ttk.Frame(frmPara)
                frm.pack(side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.X, pady=2)
            self.setOneSpinBox(frm, key)
        
        keys = ["單詞重復(fù)", "包含數(shù)字", "去詞尾s"]
        for i,key in enumerate(keys):
            if i%4==0:
                frm = ttk.Frame(frmPara)
                frm.pack(side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.X, pady=2)
            self.setOneCheck(frm, key)

        self.paths = {}
        for key in ["背景顏色", "輸入路徑", "輸出路徑", "字體路徑"]:
            self.setOneDiaButton(frmPara, key)
                
        frm = ttk.Frame(frmPara)
        frm.pack(side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.X)
        ttk.Button(frm, text="分詞預(yù)覽", 
            command=self.splitWords).pack(side=tk.LEFT)
        ttk.Button(frm, text="分詞保存", 
            command=self.saveWords).pack(side=tk.LEFT)
        ttk.Button(frm, text="輸出詞云", 
            command=self.genWordCloud).pack(side=tk.LEFT)

    def splitWords(self):
        p = self.paths["輸入路徑"].get()
        with open(p, encoding='utf8') as f:
            text = f.read()
        words = jieba.lcut(text)
        self.words = [w for w in words if len(w)>1] # 取出長度大于1的詞
        self.setSplit("\n".join(self.words))

    def saveWords(self):
        path = asksaveasfilename()
        with open(path) as f:
            f.write(self.txtSplit.get(1.0, 'end'))

    def genWordCloud(self):
        dct = {}
        keys = ['width', 'height', 'font_path', 'scale',
            'min_font_size', 'max_font_size', 'font_step', 
            'max_words', 'min_word_length', 'background_color',
            'repeat', 'include_numbers', 'normalize_plurals']
        for key in keys:
            if key in self.spins:
                dct[key] = int(self.spins[key].get())
            if key in self.paths:
                dct[key] = self.paths[key].get()
            if key in self.checks:
                dct[key] = self.vars[key].get()=='1'  
        print(dct)
        try:
            cloud = WordCloud(**dct)
        except Exception as e:
            print(e)
        txt = self.txtSplit.get(1.0, "end")
        txt = " ".join(txt.split("\n"))
        cloud.generate(txt)
        p = self.paths["輸出路徑"].get()
        if not (p.endswith('.png') or p.endswith('.svg')):
            p = p+".png"
        cloud.to_file(p)
    
    def setSplit(self, txt):
        self.txtSplit.delete(1.0, "end")
        self.txtSplit.insert("end", txt)
        self.txtSplit.see("end")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    root = tk.Tk()
    DrawWords(root).pack(side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.BOTH)
    root.mainloop()

以上就是python通過設(shè)置WordCloud參數(shù)實現(xiàn)定制詞云的詳細內(nèi)容，更多關(guān)于python詞云的資料請關(guān)注腳本之家其它相關(guān)文章！

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