Python實現(xiàn)批量獲取文件夾內(nèi)文件名并重命名

更新時間：2025年02月09日 09:10:31 作者：一晌小貪歡

這篇文章主要為大家詳細介紹了Python如何批量獲取文件夾內(nèi)文件名及重命名文件,文中的示例代碼講解詳細,感興趣的小伙伴可以跟隨小編一起學(xué)習(xí)一下

1、背景介紹

有時候我們經(jīng)常需要將批量的文件進行重命名，比如：

① 批量在文件名【前面】加上自定義字符
② 批量在文件名【后面】加上自定義字符
③ 批量在【替換】文件名中的字符
④ 批量去除空格
⑤ 結(jié)果可以選擇復(fù)制文件或者移動文件

2、庫的安裝

庫	用途	安裝
PyQt5	界面設(shè)計	pip install PyQt5 -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple/
shutil	文件移動	內(nèi)置庫無需安裝
os	文件移動	內(nèi)置庫無需安裝

3、核心代碼

復(fù)制或移動

shutil.move(old_file, new_file)  # 移動文件
shutil.copy2(old_file, new_file)  # 復(fù)制文件

4、完整代碼

# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
'''
@Project ：測試 
@File    ：文件重命名.py
@IDE     ：PyCharm 
@Author  ：一晌小貪歡（278865463@qq.com）
@Date    ：2025/2/7 下午8:02 
'''


import os
import shutil
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QWidget, QLabel, QLineEdit, QVBoxLayout, QHBoxLayout, QPushButton, QFileDialog, QCheckBox, QFormLayout, QSpinBox, QGroupBox, QDialogButtonBox, QRadioButton, QButtonGroup


def copy_or_move_files(folder_path, new_folder_path, prefix="", suffix="", replace_chars=None, add_index=False, remove_spaces=False, move_files=False):
    # 檢查源文件夾是否存在
    if not os.path.exists(folder_path):
        raise FileNotFoundError(f"Folder '{folder_path}' does not exist.")

    # 檢查目標文件夾是否存在，不存在則創(chuàng)建
    if not os.path.exists(new_folder_path):
        os.makedirs(new_folder_path)
    index = 0
    # 遍歷文件夾內(nèi)所有文件
    for filename in os.listdir(folder_path):
        # 構(gòu)造完整文件路徑
        old_file = os.path.join(folder_path, filename)

        # 判斷是否為文件（排除文件夾）
        if os.path.isfile(old_file):
            # 分割文件名和擴展名
            name_only, extension = os.path.splitext(filename)

            # 生成新文件名
            new_name = name_only
            if prefix:
                new_name = prefix + new_name
            if suffix:
                new_name = new_name + suffix
            if replace_chars:
                old_char, new_char = replace_chars
                new_name = new_name.replace(old_char, new_char)

            if remove_spaces:
                new_name = new_name.replace(" ", "")  # 去除空格

            if add_index:
                index += 1
                name_only, extension = os.path.splitext(filename)  # 分離原始文件名和擴展名
                new_name_base = prefix + name_only + suffix  # 生成基礎(chǔ)的新文件名
                new_name = f"{index}{new_name_base}{extension}"  # 在文件名最前面添加索引
            # 重新組合文件名和擴展名
            new_name = new_name + extension

            new_file = os.path.join(new_folder_path, new_name)

            # 根據(jù)用戶選擇執(zhí)行復(fù)制或移動操作
            if move_files:
                shutil.move(old_file, new_file)  # 移動文件
                print(f"Moved '{filename}' to '{new_name}'")
            else:
                shutil.copy2(old_file, new_file)  # 復(fù)制文件
                print(f"Copied '{filename}' to '{new_name}'")


class FileCopyApp(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()

        self.setWindowTitle("文件重命名—復(fù)制版")
        self.setGeometry(900, 500, 600, 300)

        # Initialize UI components
        self.init_ui()

    def init_ui(self):
        # Create layout
        layout = QVBoxLayout()

        # Source Folder
        self.folder_label = QLabel("源文件:")
        self.folder_line_edit = QLineEdit()
        self.browse_button = QPushButton("瀏覽")
        self.browse_button.clicked.connect(self.browse_folder)

        # Destination Folder
        self.new_folder_label = QLabel("保存文件夾:")
        self.new_folder_line_edit = QLineEdit()
        self.new_folder_button = QPushButton("瀏覽")
        self.new_folder_button.clicked.connect(self.browse_new_folder)

        # Prefix, Suffix, Char Replacement
        self.prefix_label = QLabel("頭部添加:")
        self.prefix_line_edit = QLineEdit()

        self.suffix_label = QLabel("尾部添加:")
        self.suffix_line_edit = QLineEdit()

        self.old_char_label = QLabel("原字符:")
        self.old_char_line_edit = QLineEdit()
        self.new_char_label = QLabel("替換字符:")
        self.new_char_line_edit = QLineEdit()

        # Index and Space Removal
        self.add_index_check_box = QCheckBox("重復(fù)名稱添加索引")
        self.remove_spaces_check_box = QCheckBox("去除文件名中的空格")

        # Copy or Move Radio Buttons
        self.copy_radio = QRadioButton("復(fù)制")
        self.move_radio = QRadioButton("移動")
        self.copy_radio.setChecked(True)  # 默認選擇復(fù)制
        self.action_group = QButtonGroup()
        self.action_group.addButton(self.copy_radio)
        self.action_group.addButton(self.move_radio)

        # Start Button
        self.start_button = QPushButton("開始")
        self.start_button.clicked.connect(self.start_copy_or_move)

        # Arrange components
        folder_layout = QHBoxLayout()
        folder_layout.addWidget(self.folder_label)
        folder_layout.addWidget(self.folder_line_edit)
        folder_layout.addWidget(self.browse_button)

        new_folder_layout = QHBoxLayout()
        new_folder_layout.addWidget(self.new_folder_label)
        new_folder_layout.addWidget(self.new_folder_line_edit)
        new_folder_layout.addWidget(self.new_folder_button)

        replace_layout = QFormLayout()
        replace_layout.addRow(self.prefix_label, self.prefix_line_edit)
        replace_layout.addRow(self.suffix_label, self.suffix_line_edit)
        replace_layout.addRow(self.old_char_label, self.old_char_line_edit)
        replace_layout.addRow(self.new_char_label, self.new_char_line_edit)

        options_layout = QVBoxLayout()
        options_layout.addWidget(self.add_index_check_box)
        options_layout.addWidget(self.remove_spaces_check_box)

        # Copy or Move Layout
        action_layout = QHBoxLayout()
        action_layout.addWidget(self.copy_radio)
        action_layout.addWidget(self.move_radio)

        # Layout adjustments
        layout.addLayout(folder_layout)
        layout.addLayout(new_folder_layout)
        layout.addLayout(replace_layout)
        layout.addLayout(options_layout)
        layout.addLayout(action_layout)
        layout.addWidget(self.start_button)

        # Set main layout
        self.setLayout(layout)

    def browse_folder(self):
        folder_path = QFileDialog.getExistingDirectory(self, "選擇源文件夾")
        if folder_path:
            self.folder_line_edit.setText(folder_path)

    def browse_new_folder(self):
        new_folder_path = QFileDialog.getExistingDirectory(self, "選擇保存文件夾")
        if new_folder_path:
            self.new_folder_line_edit.setText(new_folder_path)

    def start_copy_or_move(self):
        folder_path = self.folder_line_edit.text()
        new_folder_path = self.new_folder_line_edit.text()
        prefix = self.prefix_line_edit.text()
        suffix = self.suffix_line_edit.text()
        replace_chars = (
            self.old_char_line_edit.text(), self.new_char_line_edit.text()) if self.old_char_line_edit.text() and self.new_char_line_edit.text() else None
        add_index = self.add_index_check_box.isChecked()
        remove_spaces = self.remove_spaces_check_box.isChecked()
        move_files = self.move_radio.isChecked()  # 判斷用戶選擇的是復(fù)制還是移動
        copy_or_move_files(folder_path, new_folder_path, prefix, suffix, replace_chars, add_index, remove_spaces, move_files)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    import sys
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    window = FileCopyApp()
    window.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())