# 安裝PyYAML（基礎(chǔ)庫）
pip install pyyaml

# 安裝ruamel.yaml（高級(jí)庫，推薦）
pip install ruamel.yaml

# 基本數(shù)據(jù)類型
string: "Hello YAML"
integer: 25
float: 3.14
boolean: true
null_value: null

# 復(fù)合數(shù)據(jù)類型
list:
  - item1
  - item2
  - item3

dictionary:
  key1: value1
  key2: value2

# 多行文本
multiline_text: |
  這是第一行
  這是第二行
  第三行自動(dòng)換行

# 注釋示例
settings:
  theme: dark # 界面主題
  autosave: true # 自動(dòng)保存功能

import yaml

# 安全讀取YAML文件
with open('config.yaml', 'r') as f:
    loaded_data = yaml.safe_load(f)
    print(loaded_data['database']['host'])  # 輸出: localhost

# 讀取包含自定義類型的YAML
class User:
    def __init__(self, name, role):
        self.name = name
        self.role = role

# 注冊(cè)自定義構(gòu)造函數(shù)
def user_constructor(loader, node):
    values = loader.construct_mapping(node)
    return User(values['name'], values['role'])

yaml.add_constructor('!User', user_constructor)

with open('users.yaml') as f:
    users = yaml.load(f)  # 處理自定義!User標(biāo)簽

import yaml

# 準(zhǔn)備配置數(shù)據(jù)
data = {
    'database': {
        'host': 'localhost',
        'port': 5432,
        'credentials': {
            'user': 'admin',
            'password': 'secret'
        }
    },
    'features': ['logging', 'caching', 'api']
}

# 寫入YAML文件
with open('config.yaml', 'w') as f:
    yaml.dump(data, f, 
              default_flow_style=False,  # 禁用內(nèi)聯(lián)格式
              indent=2,                  # 縮進(jìn)2個(gè)空格
              allow_unicode=True,        # 支持Unicode
              sort_keys=False)           # 保持鍵順序

# 安全寫入配置
with open('safe_config.yaml', 'w') as f:
    yaml.safe_dump(data, f)

# 讀取多文檔YAML
with open('multi_doc.yaml') as f:
    for doc in yaml.safe_load_all(f):
        print("文檔內(nèi)容:", doc)

# 寫入多文檔YAML
doc1 = {'config': 'base'}
doc2 = {'overrides': {'debug': True}}

with open('output.yaml', 'w') as f:
    yaml.dump_all([doc1, doc2], f)

from ruamel.yaml import YAML

# 創(chuàng)建YAML處理器
yaml = YAML(typ='rt')  # 保留注釋和格式

# 讀取帶注釋的配置
with open('commented_config.yaml') as f:
    config = yaml.load(f)
    print("數(shù)據(jù)庫端口:", config['database']['port'])

from ruamel.yaml import YAML

# 創(chuàng)建配置精細(xì)的YAML處理器
yaml = YAML()
yaml.indent(mapping=4, sequence=6, offset=2)  # 自定義縮進(jìn)
yaml.preserve_quotes = True                   # 保留引號(hào)
yaml.explicit_start = True                    # 添加文檔起始符

# 準(zhǔn)備數(shù)據(jù)
server_config = {
    'host': 'api.example.com',
    'ports': [80, 443],
    'ssl': {
        'enabled': True,
        'cert': '/path/to/cert.pem'
    }
}

# 寫入文件
with open('server_config.yaml', 'w') as f:
    yaml.dump(server_config, f)

from datetime import datetime
from ruamel.yaml import YAML

class CustomDate:
    def __init__(self, year, month, day):
        self.date = datetime(year, month, day)
    
    def __repr__(self):
        return f"CustomDate({self.date.year}, {self.date.month}, {self.date.day})"

# 創(chuàng)建YAML處理器并注冊(cè)類
yaml = YAML()
yaml.register_class(CustomDate)

# 使用自定義類型
data = {'created_at': CustomDate(2023, 7, 15)}

# 序列化和反序列化
with open('custom_type.yaml', 'w') as f:
    yaml.dump(data, f)

with open('custom_type.yaml') as f:
    loaded = yaml.load(f)
    print(loaded['created_at'])  # 輸出: CustomDate(2023, 7, 15)

import yaml

# 創(chuàng)建安全加載器（僅允許基礎(chǔ)類型）
class StrictSafeLoader(yaml.SafeLoader):
    def __init__(self, stream):
        super().__init__(stream)
        # 僅允許基礎(chǔ)類型
        self.yaml_constructors = {
            'tag:yaml.org,2002:map': self.construct_yaml_map,
            'tag:yaml.org,2002:str': self.construct_yaml_str,
            'tag:yaml.org,2002:seq': self.construct_yaml_seq,
            'tag:yaml.org,2002:int': self.construct_yaml_int,
            'tag:yaml.org,2002:float': self.construct_yaml_float,
            'tag:yaml.org,2002:bool': self.construct_yaml_bool
        }

# 使用安全加載器
with open('untrusted.yaml') as f:
    data = yaml.load(f, Loader=StrictSafeLoader)

import yaml
import os

class AppConfig:
    _instance = None
    
    def __init__(self, path='config.yaml'):
        self.path = path
        self.config = self._load_config()
    
    def _load_config(self):
        """加載配置文件"""
        if not os.path.exists(self.path):
            # 創(chuàng)建默認(rèn)配置
            default = {
                'debug': False,
                'database': {
                    'host': 'localhost',
                    'port': 5432
                }
            }
            with open(self.path, 'w') as f:
                yaml.safe_dump(default, f)
            return default
        
        with open(self.path) as f:
            return yaml.safe_load(f)
    
    def get(self, key, default=None):
        """獲取配置項(xiàng)"""
        keys = key.split('.')
        value = self.config
        for k in keys:
            if isinstance(value, dict) and k in value:
                value = value[k]
            else:
                return default
        return value
    
    def set(self, key, value):
        """更新配置項(xiàng)"""
        keys = key.split('.')
        current = self.config
        for k in keys[:-1]:
            if k not in current:
                current[k] = {}
            current = current[k]
        current[keys[-1]] = value
        
        # 保存更新
        with open(self.path, 'w') as f:
            yaml.safe_dump(self.config, f)

# 使用示例
config = AppConfig()
print("數(shù)據(jù)庫主機(jī):", config.get('database.host'))
config.set('debug', True)

from ruamel.yaml import YAML

def generate_k8s_deployment(name, replicas, image, ports):
    """生成K8s部署YAML"""
    yaml = YAML()
    yaml.explicit_start = True
    yaml.indent(sequence=4, offset=2)
    
    deployment = {
        'apiVersion': 'apps/v1',
        'kind': 'Deployment',
        'metadata': {'name': name},
        'spec': {
            'replicas': replicas,
            'selector': {'matchLabels': {'app': name}},
            'template': {
                'metadata': {'labels': {'app': name}},
                'spec': {
                    'containers': [{
                        'name': 'main',
                        'image': image,
                        'ports': [{'containerPort': p} for p in ports]
                    }]
                }
            }
        }
    }
    
    # 寫入文件
    filename = f'{name}-deployment.yaml'
    with open(filename, 'w') as f:
        yaml.dump(deployment, f)
    
    print(f"已生成部署文件: {filename}")

# 使用示例
generate_k8s_deployment(
    name='web-app',
    replicas=3,
    image='web-app:v1.2.3',
    ports=[80, 443]
)

from ruamel.yaml import YAML
import time
import os

class HotReloadConfig:
    def __init__(self, path):
        self.path = path
        self.yaml = YAML()
        self.config = None
        self.last_modified = 0
        self.load()
    
    def load(self):
        """加載配置文件"""
        self.last_modified = os.path.getmtime(self.path)
        with open(self.path) as f:
            self.config = self.yaml.load(f)
        print("配置文件已重新加載")
    
    def check_reload(self):
        """檢查是否需要重新加載"""
        current_modified = os.path.getmtime(self.path)
        if current_modified > self.last_modified:
            self.load()
            return True
        return False
    
    def get(self, key, default=None):
        """獲取配置項(xiàng)"""
        # 簡(jiǎn)單實(shí)現(xiàn)，實(shí)際中可添加更復(fù)雜的路徑解析
        return self.config.get(key, default)

# 使用示例
config = HotReloadConfig('app_config.yaml')

# 監(jiān)控線程（實(shí)際中應(yīng)使用線程）
while True:
    print("當(dāng)前調(diào)試模式:", config.get('debug', False))
    config.check_reload()  # 檢查更新
    time.sleep(5)

# 顯式指定UTF-8編碼
with open('config.yaml', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
    yaml.dump(data, f)

# 自動(dòng)檢測(cè)編碼
import chardet

def read_yaml_with_encoding(path):
    """自動(dòng)檢測(cè)編碼讀取YAML"""
    with open(path, 'rb') as f:
        raw_data = f.read(4096)  # 讀取前4KB檢測(cè)編碼
        result = chardet.detect(raw_data)
        encoding = result['encoding'] or 'utf-8'
    
    with open(path, 'r', encoding=encoding) as f:
        return yaml.safe_load(f)

data = read_yaml_with_encoding('unknown_encoding.yaml')

# 使用ruamel.yaml保留特殊字符
yaml = YAML()
yaml.preserve_quotes = True

# 包含特殊字符的值
data = {
    'regex': r'^[a-zA-Z0-9_.+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9-]+\.[a-zA-Z0-9-.]+$',
    'path': 'C:\\Program Files\\App',
    'percent': '100%'
}

with open('special_chars.yaml', 'w') as f:
    yaml.dump(data, f)

from ruamel.yaml import YAML

def process_large_yaml(path):
    """流式處理大型YAML文件"""
    yaml = YAML()
    with open(path) as f:
        for doc in yaml.load_all(f):
            # 處理每個(gè)文檔
            process_document(doc)
            
def process_document(doc):
    """處理單個(gè)文檔（示例）"""
    print(f"處理文檔，包含 {len(doc)} 個(gè)鍵")

# 使用示例
process_large_yaml('large_dataset.yaml')