Python使用openpyxl讀取Excel的操作詳解
更新時間:2025年07月20日 10:43:04 作者:魚丸丶粗面
本文介紹了使用Python的openpyxl庫進行Excel文件的創(chuàng)建、讀寫、數(shù)據(jù)操作、工作簿與工作表管理,包括創(chuàng)建工作簿、加載工作簿、操作Sheet、追加數(shù)據(jù)、查詢與修改單元格等內(nèi)容,需要的朋友可以參考下
1 概述
1.1 圖示

1.2 安裝第三方庫
pip install openpyxl
2 工作簿 workbook
2.1 創(chuàng)建:Workbook()
import openpyxl
class Excel(object):
def __init__(self):
pass
def create_workbook(self, filename):
"""
創(chuàng)建工作簿對象:workbook
:param filename: 文件名(相對路徑 或 絕對路徑)
:return:
"""
# 1.聲明 工作簿 對象
workbook = openpyxl.Workbook()
# 2.保存 工作簿(若已存在,則覆蓋)
workbook.save(filename)
if __name__ == '__main__':
test = Excel()
# C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\Temp\1.xlsx
test.create_workbook('1.xlsx')

2.2 常用屬性:load_workbook()
import openpyxl
class Excel(object):
def __init__(self):
pass
def load_workbook(self, filename):
# 1.獲取工作簿對象(獲取屬性前,先要加載工作簿)
workbook = openpyxl.load_workbook(filename)
# 2.查看工作簿支持的方法和屬性
# print(help(workbook))
# 3.常用的屬性
print(f'active: {workbook.active}') # 當前活動的 sheet 頁
print(f'read_only: {workbook.read_only}') # 是否以只讀方式打開
print(f'encoding: {workbook.encoding}') # 編碼
print(f'properties: {workbook.properties}') # 屬性類,如:標題、作者、創(chuàng)建日期 等
# 單個的屬性信息,可通過下列形式 "." 出來
print(f'title: {workbook.properties.title}') # 標題
print(f'creator: {workbook.properties.creator}') # 作者
print(f'created: {workbook.properties.created}') # 創(chuàng)建日期
if __name__ == '__main__':
test = Excel()
# C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\Temp\1.xlsx
test.load_workbook('1.xlsx')
2.3 獲取 sheet
import openpyxl
class Excel(object):
def __init__(self, filename):
self.workbook = openpyxl.load_workbook(filename)
def get_sheets(self):
# 1.獲取 sheet 列表
print(self.workbook.sheetnames) # 如:['Sheet', 'Sheet1']
print(self.workbook.worksheets) # 如:[<Worksheet "Sheet">, <Worksheet "Sheet1">]
# print(self.workbook.get_sheet_names()) # deprecated function 已棄用
# 2.獲取單個 sheet
print('------------')
print(self.workbook['Sheet']) # 根據(jù)名稱
print(self.workbook.sheetnames[0]) # 根據(jù)下標,如:Sheet
print(self.workbook.worksheets[0]) # 根據(jù)下標,如:<Worksheet "Sheet">
if __name__ == '__main__':
test = Excel('1.xlsx')
# C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\Temp\1.xlsx
test.get_sheets()
2.4 創(chuàng)建 sheet
import openpyxl
class Excel(object):
def __init__(self, filename):
self.workbook = openpyxl.load_workbook(filename)
self.filename = filename
def create_sheet(self):
# 1.末尾追加
self.workbook.create_sheet('Sheet3')
# 2.指定位置添加(index 從 0 開始,默認末尾)
self.workbook.create_sheet('Sheet4', 0)
# 3.注意:若 Sheet 已存在,會默認在名稱后面追加數(shù)字,如:Sheet31、Sheet32
self.workbook.create_sheet('Sheet3')
# 4.保存(只有保存后,才會生效哦)
self.workbook.save(self.filename)
if __name__ == '__main__':
test = Excel('1.xlsx')
# C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\Temp\1.xlsx
test.create_sheet()
2.5 復制 sheet
import openpyxl
class Excel(object):
def __init__(self, filename):
self.workbook = openpyxl.load_workbook(filename)
self.filename = filename
def copy_sheet(self):
# 1.獲取 sheet 對象
sheet = self.workbook['Sheet']
# 2.復制 sheet(默認名稱 + copy,如:Sheet Copy)
self.workbook.copy_worksheet(sheet)
# 3.保存(只有保存后,才會生效哦)
self.workbook.save(self.filename)
if __name__ == '__main__':
test = Excel('1.xlsx')
# C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\Temp\1.xlsx
test.copy_sheet()
2.6 刪除 sheet
import openpyxl
class Excel(object):
def __init__(self, filename):
self.workbook = openpyxl.load_workbook(filename)
self.filename = filename
def delete_sheet(self):
# 1.刪除 sheet
del self.workbook['Sheet Copy']
# 2.保存后生效
self.workbook.save(self.filename)
if __name__ == '__main__':
test = Excel('1.xlsx')
# C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\Temp\1.xlsx
test.delete_sheet()
2.7 移動 sheet
import openpyxl
class Excel(object):
def __init__(self, filename):
self.workbook = openpyxl.load_workbook(filename)
self.filename = filename
def move_sheet(self):
# 1.移動 sheet(負數(shù)=向左移動、正數(shù)=向右移動、數(shù)值=移動位置的個數(shù))
self.workbook.move_sheet('Sheet', -1)
# 2.保存后生效
self.workbook.save(self.filename)
if __name__ == '__main__':
test = Excel('1.xlsx')
# C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\Temp\1.xlsx
test.move_sheet()
2.8 重命名 Sheet
import openpyxl
class Excel(object):
def __init__(self, filename):
self.workbook = openpyxl.load_workbook(filename)
self.filename = filename
def rename_sheet(self):
# 1.重命名 sheet
self.workbook['Sheet1'].title = 'Sheet111'
# 2.保存后生效
self.workbook.save(self.filename)
if __name__ == '__main__':
test = Excel('1.xlsx')
# C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\Temp\1.xlsx
test.rename_sheet()
3 工作表 sheet
3.1 追加數(shù)據(jù)
import openpyxl
from openpyxl.worksheet.worksheet import Worksheet
class Excel(object):
def __init__(self, filename):
self.workbook = openpyxl.load_workbook(filename)
self.filename = filename
def append_data(self):
# 1.獲取要添加數(shù)據(jù)的 sheet 對象
sheet: Worksheet = self.workbook['Sheet']
# 與下列寫法等價,只是多了 "代碼提示"
# sheet = self.workbook['Sheet']
# 2.追加數(shù)據(jù)
sheet.append(['姓名', '性別', '年齡'])
sheet.append(['張三', '女', 18])
sheet.append(['李四', '男', 19])
sheet.append(['王五', '女', 20])
# 3.保存后生效
self.workbook.save(self.filename)
if __name__ == '__main__':
test = Excel('1.xlsx')
# C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\Temp\1.xlsx
test.append_data()

3.2 查詢數(shù)據(jù)
import openpyxl
from openpyxl.worksheet.worksheet import Worksheet
class Excel(object):
def __init__(self, filename):
self.workbook = openpyxl.load_workbook(filename)
self.filename = filename
def select_data(self):
# 1.獲取 sheet 對象
sheet: Worksheet = self.workbook['Sheet']
# 與下列寫法等價,只是多了 "代碼提示"
# sheet = self.workbook['Sheet']
# 2.查詢屬性
print(f'title: {sheet.title}') # 標題,如:Sheet
print(f'dimensions: {sheet.dimensions}') # 表格大小,如:A1:B3
print(f'min_row: {sheet.min_row}') # 最小行 1
print(f'max_row: {sheet.max_row}') # 最大行 3
print(f'rows: {sheet.rows}') # 行對象
print(f'min_column: {sheet.min_column}') # 最小列 1
print(f'max_column: {sheet.max_column}') # 最大列 2
print(f'columns: {sheet.columns}') # 列對象
# 3.查詢單元格數(shù)據(jù)
print(sheet['A1'].value)
# 4.保存后生效
self.workbook.save(self.filename)
if __name__ == '__main__':
test = Excel('1.xlsx')
# C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\Temp\1.xlsx
test.select_data()
3.3 修改數(shù)據(jù)
import openpyxl
from openpyxl.worksheet.worksheet import Worksheet
class Excel(object):
def __init__(self, filename):
self.workbook = openpyxl.load_workbook(filename)
self.filename = filename
def update_data(self):
# 1.獲取 sheet 對象
sheet: Worksheet = self.workbook['Sheet']
# 與下列寫法等價,只是多了 "代碼提示"
# sheet = self.workbook['Sheet']
# 2.修改數(shù)據(jù)
sheet['A1'] = '我是A1'
sheet.cell(row=2, column=1).value = '我是A2'
sheet.cell(row=3, column=1, value='我是A3')
# 3.保存后生效
self.workbook.save(self.filename)
if __name__ == '__main__':
test = Excel('1.xlsx')
# C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\Temp\1.xlsx
test.update_data()
3.4 刪除數(shù)據(jù)
import openpyxl
from openpyxl.worksheet.worksheet import Worksheet
class Excel(object):
def __init__(self, filename):
self.workbook = openpyxl.load_workbook(filename)
self.filename = filename
def update_data(self):
# 1.獲取 sheet 對象
sheet: Worksheet = self.workbook['Sheet']
# 與下列寫法等價,只是多了 "代碼提示"
# sheet = self.workbook['Sheet']
# 2.刪除數(shù)據(jù)
sheet.delete_rows(idx=1, amount=1) # idx 行開始(含),往下刪除 amount 行
sheet.delete_cols(idx=2, amount=2) # idx 列開始(含),往右刪除 amount 行
# 3.保存后生效
self.workbook.save(self.filename)
if __name__ == '__main__':
test = Excel('1.xlsx')
# C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\Temp\1.xlsx
test.update_data()
3.5 獲取表頭
import openpyxl
from openpyxl.worksheet.worksheet import Worksheet
class Excel(object):
def __init__(self, filename):
self.workbook = openpyxl.load_workbook(filename)
self.filename = filename
def get_sheet_head(self):
# 1.獲取 sheet 對象
sheet: Worksheet = self.workbook['Sheet']
# 與下列寫法等價,只是多了 "代碼提示"
# sheet = self.workbook['Sheet']
# 2.獲取表頭,其中:values_only=True 表示只獲取值
for i in sheet.iter_cols(min_col=1, max_row=1, values_only=True):
print(i)
if __name__ == '__main__':
test = Excel('1.xlsx')
# C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\Temp\1.xlsx
test.get_sheet_head()
3.6 遍歷數(shù)據(jù)
import openpyxl
from openpyxl.worksheet.worksheet import Worksheet
def read_excel(filename):
"""
遍歷 sheet 中的數(shù)據(jù)
:param filename: 文件名
"""
lwb = openpyxl.load_workbook(filename)
# sheet 列表
# sheet = lwb['Sheet']
sheet: Worksheet = lwb['Sheet'] # 手動指定類型,可用代碼提示
# 遍歷方式1:按行遍歷
for row in sheet.iter_rows():
for cell in row:
print(cell.row, cell.column, cell.value)
print('------------------ 分割線1 -----------------')
# 遍歷方式2:按列遍歷
for col in sheet.iter_cols():
for cell in col:
print(cell.row, cell.column, cell.value)
if __name__ == '__main__':
fileName = '1.xlsx'
read_excel(fileName)
4 單元格 cell
4.1 查詢
import openpyxl
from openpyxl.worksheet.worksheet import Worksheet
class Excel(object):
def __init__(self, filename):
self.workbook = openpyxl.load_workbook(filename)
self.filename = filename
def get_cell(self):
# 1.獲取 sheet 對象
sheet: Worksheet = self.workbook['Sheet']
# 與下列寫法等價,只是多了 "代碼提示"
# sheet = self.workbook['Sheet']
# 2.獲取單個單元格數(shù)據(jù)
cell1 = sheet['A1'] # A1 單元格
cell2 = sheet.cell(1, 1) # 效果同上
print(cell1.value)
print(cell2.value)
# 3.查詢多個單元格數(shù)據(jù)
cells = sheet['A1:B2']
for item in cells:
for cell in item:
print(cell.row, cell.column, cell.value)
if __name__ == '__main__':
test = Excel('1.xlsx')
# C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\Temp\1.xlsx
test.get_cell()
4.2 修改
import openpyxl
from openpyxl.worksheet.worksheet import Worksheet
class Excel(object):
def __init__(self, filename):
self.workbook = openpyxl.load_workbook(filename)
self.filename = filename
def update_cell(self):
# 1.獲取 sheet 對象
sheet: Worksheet = self.workbook['Sheet']
# 與下列寫法等價,只是多了 "代碼提示"
# sheet = self.workbook['Sheet']
# 3.修改 單元格 A1 的值為 'A1'
cell1 = sheet['A1'] # A1 單元格
cell1.value = 'A1' # 賦值
# 3.保存后生效
self.workbook.save(self.filename)
if __name__ == '__main__':
test = Excel('1.xlsx')
# C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\Temp\1.xlsx
test.update_cell()
以上就是Python使用openpyxl讀取Excel的操作詳解的詳細內(nèi)容,更多關(guān)于Python openpyxl讀取Excel的資料請關(guān)注腳本之家其它相關(guān)文章!
相關(guān)文章
Python 數(shù)據(jù)處理更容易的12個輔助函數(shù)總結(jié)
Python的產(chǎn)生似乎就是專門用來處理數(shù)據(jù)的,順理成章的成為大數(shù)據(jù)的主流語言,本文介紹十二個函數(shù)輔助你更容易更便捷的用Python進行數(shù)據(jù)處理2021-11-11
Python中列表list以及l(fā)ist與數(shù)組array的相互轉(zhuǎn)換實現(xiàn)方法
這篇文章主要介紹了Python中l(wèi)ist以及l(fā)ist與array的相互轉(zhuǎn)換實現(xiàn)方法,簡單分析了Python中l(wèi)ist的功能、使用方法及l(fā)ist與array相互轉(zhuǎn)換實現(xiàn)技巧,需要的朋友可以參考下2017-09-09
python圖片指定區(qū)域替換img.paste函數(shù)的使用
這篇文章主要介紹了python圖片指定區(qū)域替換img.paste函數(shù)的使用,文中通過示例代碼介紹的非常詳細,對大家的學習或者工作具有一定的參考學習價值,需要的朋友們下面隨著小編來一起學習學習吧2020-04-04
Python reshape的用法及多個二維數(shù)組合并為三維數(shù)組的實例
今天小編就為大家分享一篇Python reshape的用法及多個二維數(shù)組合并為三維數(shù)組的實例,具有很好的參考價值,希望對大家有所幫助。一起跟隨小編過來看看吧2020-02-02
Python基于opencv實現(xiàn)的簡單畫板功能示例
這篇文章主要介紹了Python基于opencv實現(xiàn)的簡單畫板功能,結(jié)合實例形式分析了Python使用opencv模塊進行圖形繪制的相關(guān)操作技巧,需要的朋友可以參考下2019-03-03
python高級搜索實現(xiàn)高效搜索GitHub資源
這篇文章主要為大家介紹了python高級搜索來高效搜索GitHub,從而高效獲取所需資源,有需要的朋友可以借鑒參考下,希望能夠有所幫助2021-11-11

