Python的PrettyTable模塊的方法實(shí)現(xiàn)

更新時(shí)間：2025年10月19日 11:39:06 作者：運(yùn)維開發(fā)小白

本文介紹了如何在Python中使用PrettyTable模塊創(chuàng)建、格式化和操作表格,包括添加表頭、行和列,臨時(shí)添加列,指定行和列,設(shè)置對齊方式和邊框樣式,導(dǎo)入CSV和數(shù)據(jù)庫數(shù)據(jù),以及對表格進(jìn)行排序和顏色定制,感興趣的可以了解一下

1.PrettyTable介紹與基本使用

? 在使用Python查詢表格數(shù)據(jù)的時(shí)候，直接print出來的話。數(shù)據(jù)雜亂無章，這個(gè)使用就可以使用PrettyTable模塊來解決這個(gè)問題。如下圖:

這樣在輸出的窗口可以很清晰看到所需要的信息。那么類似這種表格要怎么做出來呢？沒錯(cuò)，使用PrettyTable就會把事情變得很簡單

2.PrettyTable的安裝

pip3 install prettytable

3.PrettyTable的使用

1.添加表頭、添加行、添加列

類似于數(shù)據(jù)庫中的表，由表頭（或者說字段名），以及每一行的內(nèi)容組成。

# ======================
# -*-coding: Utf-8 -*-
# ======================
from prettytable import PrettyTable
# 傳入的name,age,country相當(dāng)于表頭
td = PrettyTable(["name","age","country"])
# 調(diào)用add_row 添加行記錄
td.add_row(["Michael","23","China"])
td.add_row(["Bob","24","USA"])
td.add_row(["Jack","25","UK"])
print(td)

2.臨時(shí)添加一列

# ======================
# -*-coding: Utf-8 -*-
# ======================
from prettytable import PrettyTable
# 傳入的name,age,country相當(dāng)于表頭
td = PrettyTable(["name","age","country"])
# 調(diào)用add_row 添加行記錄
td.add_row(["Michael","23","China"])
td.add_row(["Bob","24","USA"])
td.add_row(["Jack","25","UK"])

td.add_column("gender",["male","male","female"])

print(td)

? 輸出內(nèi)容是不是和 MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫類似呢。

? 此外 prettytable 還支持從 csv、數(shù)據(jù)庫、html 等數(shù)據(jù)源中導(dǎo)入數(shù)據(jù)，但說實(shí)話，從數(shù)據(jù)源讀取數(shù)據(jù)我們一般使用 pandas，并且還會伴隨著數(shù)據(jù)處理。而使用 prettytable 只是為了讓程序中產(chǎn)生的信息，能夠以結(jié)構(gòu)化的形式打印，很少會從文件或數(shù)據(jù)庫里面讀數(shù)據(jù)

3.輸出指定行、指定列

# ======================
# -*-coding: Utf-8 -*-
# ======================
from prettytable import PrettyTable
# 傳入的name,age,country相當(dāng)于表頭
td = PrettyTable(["name","age","country"])
# 調(diào)用add_row 添加行記錄
td.add_row(["Michael","23","China"])
td.add_row(["Bob","24","USA"])
td.add_row(["Jack","25","UK"])

td.add_column("gender",["male","male","female"])

# 只輸出name和age列
# start 和 end 參數(shù)可以控制輸出的起始和結(jié)束位置
print(td.get_string(fields=["name","age"],start=1,end=3))

4.設(shè)置對齊方式

# ======================
# -*-coding: Utf-8 -*-
# ======================
from prettytable import PrettyTable
# 傳入的name,age,country相當(dāng)于表頭
td = PrettyTable(["name","age","country"])
# 調(diào)用add_row 添加行記錄
td.add_row(["Michael","23","China"])
td.add_row(["Bob","24","USA"])
td.add_row(["Jack","25","UK"])

td.add_column("gender",["male","male","female"])

# l代表左對齊,c表示居中,r表示右對齊
td.align['name'] = "l"
td.align['age'] = 'c'
td.align['country'] = "r"
# 輸出表格
print(td)

5.設(shè)置邊框樣式

在 PrettyTable 中，邊框由三個(gè)部分組成：橫邊框，豎邊框，和邊框連接符，我們都可以修改

# ======================
# -*-coding: Utf-8 -*-
# ======================
from prettytable import PrettyTable
# 傳入的name,age,country相當(dāng)于表頭
td = PrettyTable(["name","age","country"])
# 調(diào)用add_row 添加行記錄
td.add_row(["Michael","23","China"])
td.add_row(["Bob","24","USA"])
td.add_row(["Jack","25","UK"])

td.add_column("gender",["male","male","female"])

# 是否顯示邊框,默認(rèn)為True
td.border = True

# 橫邊框
td.horizontal_char = "^"
# 豎邊框
td.vertical_char = '>'
# 邊框連接符
td.junction_char = '~'

# 輸出表格
print(td)

6.根據(jù)csv導(dǎo)入

prettytable支持從csv文件中導(dǎo)入數(shù)據(jù)并創(chuàng)建表格，需要注意的是，字符串需要加上引號

# ======================
# -*-coding: Utf-8 -*-
# ======================
from prettytable import from_csv
with open('test.csv') as f:
    table = from_csv(f)
print(table)

7.從數(shù)據(jù)庫中導(dǎo)入

# ======================
# -*-coding: Utf-8 -*-
# ======================
import pymysql
from prettytable import from_db_cursor

connection = pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1', user='root', password='123456', port=3306, db='uniform_db')
cursor = connection.cursor()
cursor.execute("select * from uniform_a_v1 limit 10;")
mytable = from_db_cursor(cursor)
print(mytable)

8.表數(shù)據(jù)的刪除

prettytable 提供四種方法用于刪除數(shù)據(jù)

del_row：刪除某行，允許傳入一個(gè)整數(shù)參數(shù).(從0開始)
del_column：刪除某列，允許傳入一個(gè)字符串，表示要?jiǎng)h除的列的字段名
clear_rows：刪除所有數(shù)據(jù)，但保存列的字段名
clear：刪除所有數(shù)據(jù)，包括列的字段名

9.對表格進(jìn)行排序

# ======================
# -*-coding: Utf-8 -*-
# ======================
from prettytable import PrettyTable
# 傳入的name,age,country相當(dāng)于表頭
td = PrettyTable(["name","age","country"])
# 調(diào)用add_row 添加行記錄
td.add_row(["Michael","23","China"])
td.add_row(["Bob","24","USA"])
td.add_row(["Jack","25","UK"])

td.add_column("gender",["male","male","female"])
# 按照某一列進(jìn)行排序
print(td.get_string(sortby="age"))
# 按照某一列進(jìn)行逆序排序
print(td.get_string(sortby="age",reversesort=True))

10.更改顏色屬性

# ======================
# -*-coding: Utf-8 -*-
# ======================
from prettytable.colortable import ColorTable,Themes,Theme

x = ColorTable(theme = Themes.OCEAN)
# # ANSI顏色值設(shè)置具體參考：https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI%E8%BD%AC%E4%B9%89%E5%BA%8F%E5%88%97
# x = ColorTable(theme=Theme(default_color="33", # 黃色
#                             vertical_color="42", # 綠色
#                             horizontal_color="35", #紫色
#                             junction_color="41",)) # 紅色

x.field_names = ["City name", "Area", "Population", "Annual Rainfall"]
# 添加每一行的數(shù)據(jù)
x.add_row(["Adelaide", 1295, 1158259, 600.5])
x.add_row(["Brisbane", 5905, 1857594, 1146.4])
x.add_row(["Darwin", 112, 120900, 1714.7])
x.add_row(["Hobart", 1357, 205556, 619.5])
x.add_row(["Sydney", 2058, 4336374, 1214.8])
x.add_row(["Melbourne", 1566, 3806092, 646.9])
x.add_row(["Perth", 5386, 1554769, 869.4])

print(x)